Preface xvii Acknowledgments xxiii About the Companion Website xxv Part I Introduction and Mathematics Background 1 1 Introduction 3 1.1 General Computer Communication Network Architecture 3 1.2 Different Types of Wireless Communication Systems 5 1.3 Network Security and Wireless Security 9 1.4 Summary 11 2 Basic Network Security Concepts 13 2.1 Security Attacks 13 2.2 Security Services 16 2.3 Security Mechanisms 21 2.4 Other Security Concepts 24 2.5 Summary 25 3 Mathematical Background 27 3.1 Basic Concepts in Modern Algebra and Number Theory 27 3.2 Prime Numbers, Modular Arithmetic, and Divisors 30 3.3 Finite Field and Galois Field 34 3.4 Polynomial Arithmetic 35 3.5 Fermat’s Little Theorem, Euler’s Totient Function, and Euler’s Theorem 41 3.6 Primality Testing 44 3.7 Chinese Remainder Theorem 46 3.8 Discrete Logarithm 48 3.9 Summary 49 Part II Cryptographic Systems 51 4 Cryptographic Techniques 53 4.1 Symmetric Encryption 53 4.2 Classical Cryptographic Schemes 53 4.3 Stream Cipher 62 4.4 Modern Block Ciphers 63 4.5 Data Encryption Standard (DES) 67 4.6 Summary 76 5 More on Cryptographic Techniques 77 5.1 Advanced Encryption Standard 77 5.2 Block Cipher Modes of Operation 85 5.3 Public Key Infrastructure 92 5.4 The RSA Algorithm 95 5.5 Diffie–Hellman (D–H) Key Exchange 97 5.6 Summary 99 6 Message Authentication, Digital Signature, and Key Management 101 6.1 Message Authentication 101 6.2 MAC and Hash Algorithms 105 6.3 Digital Signature and Authentication 114 6.4 Key Management 122 6.5 Summary 128 Part III Security for Wireless Local Area Networks 129 7 WLAN Security 131 7.1 Introduction to WLAN 131 7.2 Evolution of WLAN Security 133 7.3 Wired Equivalent Privacy 135 7.4 IEEE 802.1X Authentication Model 140 7.5 IEEE 802.11i Standard 143 7.6 Wi-Fi Protected Access 3 and Opportunistic Wireless Encryption 150 7.7 Summary 152 8 Bluetooth Security 153 8.1 Introduction to Bluetooth 153 8.2 Link Key Generation 157 8.3 Authentication, Confidentiality, and Trust and Service Levels 163 8.4 Cryptographic Functions for Security Modes 1, 2, and 3 166 8.5 Cryptographic Functions in Security Mode 4 (SSP) 173 8.6 Summary 174 9 Zigbee Security 177 9.1 Introduction to Zigbee 177 9.2 IEEE 802.15.4 Security Features 179 9.3 Zigbee Upper Layer Security 182 9.4 Security-Related MAC PIB Attributes 187 9.5 Mechanisms Used in Zigbee Security 188 9.6 Summary 191 10 RFID Security 193 10.1 Introduction to RFID 193 10.2 Security Attacks, Risks, and Objectives of RFID Systems 195 10.3 Mitigation Strategies and Countermeasures for RFID Security Risks 196 10.4 RFID Security Mechanisms 199 10.5 Summary 205 Part IV Security for Wireless Wide Area Networks 207 11 GSM Security 209 11.1 GSM System Architecture 209 11.2 GSM Network Access Security Features 212 11.3 GSM Security Algorithms 215 11.4 Attacks Against GSM Security 225 11.5 Possible GSM Security Improvements 227 11.6 Summary 228 12 UMTS Security 229 12.1 UMTS System Architecture 229 12.2 UMTS Security Features 231 12.3 UMTS Network Access Security 232 12.4 Algorithms in Access Security 240 12.5 Other UMTS Security Features 249 12.6 Summary 250 13 LTE Security 251 13.1 LTE System Architecture 251 13.2 LTE Security Architecture 253 13.3 LTE Security 255 13.4 Handover Between eNBs 261 13.5 Security Algorithms 268 13.6 Security for Interworking Between LTE and Legacy Systems 273 13.7 Summary 278 Part V Security for Next Generation Wireless Networks 279 14 Security in 5G Wireless Networks 281 14.1 Introduction to 5G Wireless Network Systems 281 14.2 5G Security Requirements and Major Drives 283 14.3 A 5G Wireless Security Architecture 287 14.4 5G Wireless Security Services 289 14.5 5G Key Management 300 14.6 Security for New Communication Techniques in 5G 303 14.7 Challenges and Future Directions for 5G Wireless Security 308 14.8 Summary 310 15 Security in V2X Communications 311 15.1 Introduction to V2X Communications 311 15.2 Security Requirements and Possible Attacks in V2X Communications 314 15.3 IEEE WAVE Security Services for Applications and Management Messages 316 15.4 Security in Cellular Based V2X Communications 320 15.5 Cryptography and Privacy Preservation in V2X Communications 323 15.6 Challenges and Future Research Directions 329 15.7 Summary 331 References 333 Index 345

Receive comprehensive instruction on the fundamentals of wireless security from three leading international voices in the field Security in Wireless Communication Networks delivers a thorough grounding in wireless communication security. The distinguished authors pay particular attention to wireless specific issues, like authentication protocols and key management schemes for various wireless communication networks, encryption algorithms and integrity schemes on radio channels, lessons learned from designing secure wireless systems and standardization for security in wireless systems. The book addresses how engineers, administrators, and others involved in the design and maintenance of wireless networks can achieve security while retaining the broadcast nature of the system, with all of its inherent harshness and interference. Readers will learn: A comprehensive introduction to the background of wireless communication ­network security, including a broad overview of wireless communication networks, security services, the mathematics crucial to the subject, and ­cryptographic techniquesAn exploration of wireless local area network security, including Bluetooth security, Wi-Fi security, and body area network securityAn examination of wide area wireless network security, including treatments of 2G, 3G, and 4GDiscussions of future development in wireless security, including 5G, and vehicular ad-hoc network security Perfect for undergraduate and graduate students in programs related to wireless ­communications, Security in Wireless Communication Networks will also earn a place in the libraries of professors, researchers, scientists, engineers, industry managers, ­consultants, and members of government security agencies who seek to improve their understanding of wireless security protocols and practices.