Preface xvii 1 Introduction to Network Sensing Systems in Society 5.0: Issues and Challenges 1Ankit Kumar, Anurag Kumar Kanojiya and Subitha D. 1.1 What is Society 5.0? 2 1.2 Network Sensing Systems in Society 5.0 5 1.3 Issues and Challenges 6 1.4 Encryption and Decryption Techniques: Safeguarding Data Integrity 8 1.5 Understanding Interoperability on Society 5.0 10 1.6 Importance of Robust Communication and Power Plans 12 1.7 Environmental Effects and Energy Efficiency 17 1.8 Utilizing Renewable Energy Sources 22 1.9.1 Future Directions 24 2 Remote and Urban Environmental Area Sensing, Connectivity Issues, and Solutions Based on Emerging Technologies 31Abinaya M., Vadivu G., Balasubramaniam S and Sundaravadivazhagan B. 2.1 Introduction 32 2.2 Connectivity Challenges in Urban Remote Sensing 33 2.3 Artificial Intelligence for Enhancing Data Processing and Analysis 35 2.4 Case Study 37 2.5 Frameworks for Integrating Multiple Data Sources 45 2.6 The Possible Effects of Next-Generation Connectivity and 5G 52 2.7 Conclusion 57 3 Efficient Network and Communication Technologies for Smart and Sustainable Society 5.0 63P. Kanaga Priya, R. Sivaranjani, Malathy Sathyamoorthy and Rajesh Kumar Dhanaraj 3.1 Introduction 64 3.2 Literature Survey 73 3.3 Internet of Things for Smart Connectivity 76 3.4 Next-Generation Cutting Edge Communication Technologies: 5G and Beyond 80 3.5 Edge Computing: Decentralized Processing for Low Latency 83 3.6 Blockchain Technology: Securing Data Integrity and Trust 87 3.7 Artificial Intelligence in Network Optimization 90 3.8 Energy-Efficient Networking for Sustainability in Society 5.0 92 3.9 Challenges and Opportunities in Implementing Efficient Network Technologies 95 3.10 Future Directions and Recommendations 96 3.11 Conclusion 98 4 Advanced Techniques for Human-Centric Sensing in Environmental Monitoring 101S. Aathilakshmi, Visali C., T. Manikandan and Seifedine Kadry 4.1 Introduction 102 4.2 A Basic Human-Centric Sensing Mechanism 106 4.3 Types of Advanced HCS Environmental Monitoring System 110 4.4 Applications in Environmental Monitoring 113 4.5 Conclusion and Future Prospects 117 5 Energy-Aware System for Dynamic Workflow Scheduling in Cloud Data Centers: A Genetic Algorithm with DQN Approach 121Hariharan B., Anupama C.G., Ratna Kumari Neerukonda and Rajesh Kumar Dhanaraj 5.1 Introduction 122 5.2 Related Works 124 5.3 Dynamic Workflow Scheduling System 127 5.4 Problem Formulation and Proposed System Architecture 133 5.5 Simulation Set-Up and Experimental Results 136 5.6 Conclusion 142 6 Efficient Load Balancing and Resource Allocation in Networked Sensing Systems--An Algorithmic Study 145Lalitha Krishnasamy, Divya Vetriveeran, Rakoth Kandan Sambandam and Jenefa J. 6.1 Introduction to the Networked Sensing Systems 146 6.2 Understanding the Load Balancing Challenges 147 6.3 Importance of Efficient Resource Allocation 150 6.4 Overview of Existing Approaches 151 6.5 Artificial Intelligence for Resource Handing 155 6.6 Real-World Applications 163 6.7 Performance Metrics 165 6.8 Research Directions 166 6.9 Conclusion and Future Work 169 7 Sustainable Cities and Communities: Role of Network Sensing System in Action 173Hitesh Mohapatra, Soumya Ranjan Mishra, Amiya Kumar Rath and Manjur Kolhar 7.1 Introduction 174 7.2 Literature Review 177 7.3 Proposed Study 181 7.4 Performance Analysis 185 7.5 Mapping of Topology with Smart City’s Applications 189 7.6 Conclusion 195 8 Air Pollution Monitoring and Control Via Network Sensing Systems in Smart Cities 199S. Sharmila Devi 8.1 Introduction 199 8.2 Related Works 201 8.3 Air Quality System 203 8.4 Air Quality Monitoring Techniques 204 8.5 Conventional Air Pollution Monitoring 205 8.6 Wireless Sensor Network for Air Monitoring 209 8.7 Architecture of Wireless Sensor Networks 212 8.8 WSN-Based Air Pollution Monitoring in Smart Cities 216 8.9 Conclusion 221 9 Interconnected Healthcare 5.0 Ecosystems: Enhancing Patient Care Using Sensor Networks 225Ashwini A., Kavitha V. and Balasubramaniam S 9.1 Introduction to Healthcare 5.0 226 9.2 Real-Time Monitoring Using Sensor Networks 229 9.3 Advancements in Remote Patient Monitoring 231 9.4 Early Disease Detection Through Sensor Networks 235 9.5 Leveraging Multisensor Data for Comprehensive Health Insights 237 9.6 Security Measures for Protected Health Information 240 9.7 Overcoming Infrastructure and Connectivity Barriers 241 9.8 Improving Treatment Plans Through Sensor-Generated Insights 242 9.9 Conclusion 243 10 Farming 4.0: Cultivating the Future with Internet of Things Empowered on Smart Agriculture Solutions 247Ashwini A., S.R. Sriram, J. Manoj Prabhakar and Seifedine Kadry 10.1 Introduction to Smart Agriculture and IoT Integration 248 10.2 IoT Sensor Networks in Farming 250 10.3 Smart Pest and Disease Control in Crop Production 253 10.4 Automation and Robotics in Agriculture 257 10.5 Cloud Computing for Agricultural Data Management 262 10.6 Big Data Analytics for Predictive Farming 264 10.7 Sustainable Practices with IoT in Agriculture 266 10.8 The Future Landscape of Farming 4.0 267 10.9 Conclusion 268 11 Public Safety Management in Smart Society 5.0: A Blockchain-Based Approach 273P.N. Senthil Prakash, S. Karthic and M. Saravanan 11.1 Introduction 274 11.2 Security Challenges in Society 5.0 278 11.3 Blockchain in Society 5.0 279 11.4 Conclusion 289 12 Virtualization of Smart Society 5.0 Using Artificial Intelligence and Virtual Reality 297Sakthivel Sankaran, M. Arun and R. Kottaimalai 12.1 Introduction to Smart Society 5.0 298 12.2 Foundations of Virtual Reality 301 12.3 Artificial Intelligence in Smart Societies 304 12.4 Integration of AI and VR 311 12.5 AI and VR in Education 314 12.6 Smart Society 5.0 Healthcare Innovations 315 12.7 Challenges and Future Directions 316 12.8 Conclusion 318 13 Battery Power Management Schemes Integrated with Industrial IoT for Sustainable Industry Development 323D. Karthikeyan, A. Geetha, K. Deepa and Malathy Sathyamoorthy 13.1 Introduction 324 13.2 Current Battery Technologies 325 13.3 Battery Energy Storage and Management 328 13.4 IoT and Cloud Computing Technology in BMS 334 13.5 Sustainable Developments via BMS 337 13.6 Conclusion 348 14 Trends, Advances, and Applications of Network Sensing Systems 351Ashwini A., Shamini G.I. and Balasubramaniam S 14.1 Introduction to Network Sensing Systems 352 14.2 Real-Time Trends in Sensor Technology 355 14.3 Advancements in Data Analytics 357 14.4 Applications in Healthcare 361 14.5 Natural Disaster Detection with Response 363 14.6 Agricultural Sensing Systems 365 14.7 Intelligent Transportation Systems 367 14.8 Smart City Applications 368 14.9 Challenges 369 14.10 Conclusion 370 References 370 About the Editors 375 Index 377

Networked Sensing Systems is essential for anyone seeking innovative and sustainable solutions across diverse sectors. It explores the integration of cutting-edge IoT technologies and digital transformation aimed at enhancing resource efficiency and addressing climate change challenges. With today’s advancements in wireless and mobile connectivity, Internet of Things (IoT) sensor technologies, and digital innovation, sustainability principles are increasingly reinforcing one another. To transition to more resource-efficient solutions, use resources responsibly, and streamline operations, businesses must embrace digital transformation. Potential application areas include energy management, air pollution monitoring, fleet management, water management, and agriculture. Simultaneously, the expansion of IoT deployments and their integration into the contexts of 5G and emerging 6G mobile networking necessitate that the solutions themselves be green and sustainable. This includes incorporating energy- and environmentally-conscious technical solutions for communications. By offering previously unattainable solutions, networked sensing can contribute to a more sustainable society by enabling the collection of data from heterogeneous sources in unique and novel ways. Additionally, the networking-based solutions themselves must be sustainable and environmentally friendly. For example, optimizing network architecture and relocating network equipment to strategic locations can significantly reduce energy waste. These goals drive the search for improved sensing technologies, emphasizing energy-efficient mobile sensing devices. The goal of Networked Sensing Systems is to present and highlight the latest developments in sustainable networked sensing systems across a variety of contexts, all united by the aim of enhancing human well-being and combating climate change. Regardless of the area of expertise, this work seeks to offer practical solutions to the major challenges of building a sustainable smart society 5.0. This book serves as a platform to discuss networked sensing systems for a sustainable society, focusing on systems and applications based on mobile computing and wireless networks, while adopting multidisciplinary approaches that emphasize the human element in addressing these challenges.