This book constitutes the proceedings of the 18th International Workshop on Computer Algebra in Scientific Computing, CASC 2016, held in Bucharest, Romania, in September 2016. They deal with cutting-edge research in all major disciplines of Computer Algebra.

On the Differential and Full Algebraic Complexities of Operator Matrices Transformations.- Resolving Decompositions for Polynomial Modules.- Setup of Order Conditions for Splitting Methods.- Symbolic Manipulation of Flows of Nonlinear Evolution Equations, with Application in the Analysis of Split-Step Time Integrators.- Improved Computation of Involutive Bases.- Computing all Space Curve Solutions of Polynomial Systems by Polyhedral Methods.- Algorithmic Computation of Polynomial Amoebas.- Sparse Gaussian Elimination Modulo p: an Update.- MathCheck2: A SAT+CAS Verifier for Combinatorial Conjectures.- Incompleteness, Undecidability and Automated Proofs (Invited Talk).- A Numerical Method for Computing Border Curves of Bi-Parametric Real Polynomial Systems and Applications.- The Complexity of Cylindrical Algebraic Decomposition with Respect to Polynomial Degree.- Efficient Simplification Techniques for Special Real Quantifier Elimination with Applications to the Synthesis of Optimal Numerical Algorithms.- Symbolic-Numeric Algorithms for Solving BVPs for a System of ODEs of the Second Order: Multichannel Scattering and Eigenvalue Problems.- Symbolic Algorithm for Generating Irreducible Rotational-Vibrational Bases of Point Groups.- A Symbolic Investigation of the Influence of Aerodynamic Forces on Satellite Equilibria.- Computer Algebra in High-Energy Physics (Invited Talk).- A Note on Dynamic Gröbner Bases Computation.- Qualitative Analysis of the Reyman-Semenov-Tian-Shansky Integrable Case of the Generalized Kowalewski Top.- On Multiple Eigenvalues of a Matrix Dependent on a Parameter.- A Generalised Branch-and-Bound Approach and its Application in SAT Modulo Nonlinear Integer Arithmetic.- Computing Characteristic Polynomials of Matrices of Structured Polynomials.- Computing Sparse Representations of Systems of Rational Fractions.- On the General Analytical Solution of the Kinematic Cosserat Equations.- Using Sparse Interpolation in Hensel Lifting.- A Surveyof Satisfiability Modulo Theory.- Quadric Arrangement in Classifying Rigid Motions of a 3D Digital Image.- A Lower Bound for Computing Lagrange's Real Root Bound.- Enhancing the Extended Hensel Construction by Using Gröbner Bases.- Symbolic-Numerical Optimization and Realization of the Method of Collocations and Least Residuals for Solving the Navier-Stokes Equations.- Pruning Algorithms for Pretropisms of Newton Polytopes.- Computational Aspects of a Bound of Lagrange.

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