This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 16th International Conference on on Applied Cryptography and Network Security, ACNS 2018, held in Leuven, Belgium, in July 2018. The 36 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 173 submissions. The papers were organized in topical sections named: Cryptographic Protocols; Side Channel Attacks and Tamper Resistance; Digital Signatures; Privacy Preserving Computation; Multi-party Computation; Symmetric Key Primitives; Symmetric Key Primitives; Symmetric Key Cryptanalysis; Public Key Encryption; Authentication and Biometrics; Cloud and Peer-to-peer Security.