Acknowledgments   List of Tables, Boxes, Figures, and MapsList of AbbreviationsList of Contributors  1. IntroductionEmmanuel Brunet-Jailly, Achim Hurrelmann, and Amy Verdun The Purpose of This BookThe EU as a Peace Project: One Overarching Insight and Three Themes of DebateTheme 1: Economic Cooperation in a Mixed EconomyTheme 2: More Than an International Organization, Less Than a StateTheme 3: From Economic to Democratic Legitimation?Structure of the Book Part One: Integration and Governance 2. A Short History of the European UnionConstantin Chira-Pascanut European Integration: A Historical OverviewThe First Moves: The European Coal and Steel Community (1951), the European Economic Community (1957), and the European Atomic Energy Community (1957)The 1960s: A Decade of Mixed ResultsThe 1970s: Facing Economic and Financial CrisisThe 1980s and the 1990s: European Integration RelaunchedThe EU at the Beginning of the New CenturyThe EU after 2010 – Coping with CrisisWhy/How Does a Historical Analysis Matter for Understanding the EU Today? 3. The Political Institutions of the European UnionFinn Laursen, Achim Hurrelmann, and Amy Verdun The European CouncilThe European CommissionThe Council of the EUThe European ParliamentThe Interplay of Institutions in EU Policy-MakingDebate: Efficiency, Solidarity, and Leadership 4. Legal Integration and the Court of Justice of the European UnionMartha O’Brien and Eszter Bodnár Primary Law: The TreatiesSecondary Law: Acts of the EU InstitutionsFundamental Principles of the EU LawThe Court of Justice of the European Union: OverviewThe CJEU as a Constitutional Court for the European UnionEnforcing EU Law in the Member StatesReviewing EU Secondary LegislationProtecting Fundamental Rights Debate: Incremental Legal Integration, Direct Effect and Supremacy 5. Policy Making and Governance in the European Union’s Multilevel System Ingeborg Tömmel The Fundamental Constraints on EU Policy-MakingThe Evolution of EU Policy-Making and GovernanceConsolidating EU Multilevel GovernanceDebate: Is EU Governance Effective? 6. Theories of European Integration and GovernanceAmy Verdun Federalism, Neofunctionalism, and IntergovernmentalismFederalismNeofunctionalismIntergovernmentalismMultilevel Governance, Governance, Europeanization, and InstitutionalismTheories of Democracy, Legitimacy, and the EU as a Global PlayerDebate: Why Use Theories in European Integration Studies? Part Two: Policies 7. Economic and Monetary integration: Single Market and EMUPaul Schure and Amy Verdun From the Common Market to the Single MarketCreating Europe’s Single CurrencyThe First Ten Years of EMUFrom Financial Crisis to Sovereign Debt CrisisCrises Responses: New Institutions for the Single CurrencyBanking Union and Capital Markets UnionDebate: Fiscal Federalism, Vicious Circle, and Current Challenges 8. Migration, Citizenship, and SecurityOliver Schmidtke Justice, Freedom, and Security: From Humble Beginnings to a Key EU Policy FieldMigration and AsylumJustice, Fundamental Rights, and CitizenshipBorders and SecurityDebate: Governing Migration and Borders: The Refugee Crisis and its Impact on the EU 9. Foreign, Security, and Defence PoliciesFrédéric Mérand and Antoine Rayroux A Short History of EU Foreign PolicyA Hybrid Foreign Policy SystemDebates in EU Foreign Policy 10. Common Agricultural PolicyCrina Viju-Miljusevic Common Agricultural Policy: History, Instruments, and ReformsHistoryCAP Instruments and Their OutcomesCAP ReformsDebates: Distributing the Budget, Farm Support, and Decentralization 11. Regional PolicyEmmanuel Brunet-Jailly The Origins and Development of the EU’s Regional PolicyFrom Six to Twelve: The European Regional Development Fund (1967–1988) The Institutionalization of Cohesion Policy (1988–1993)From 12 to 15: The Maastricht Treaty (1993–1999)From 15 to 25: Making Enlargement a Success (2000–2006)At 27 members: The World’s Largest Development Program (2007–2013)The Way Forward: Cohesion policy in an EU of 28 Member States (2014–2020) The 2021–2027 Cohesion or Investment Policy?Debate: Does the Cohesion Policy Work and What is the Role of Governance in its Success? 12. European External Trade PolicyValerie J. D’Erman The Evolution of EU Trade PolicyEC Common Commercial PolicyTrade Policy and the Single MarketThe Lisbon Treaty and Europe 2020From Negotiation to RatificationThe EU and the WorldDebate: Issues with EU Trade Policies 13. EnlargementCharles C. Pentland The First Three EnlargementsThe UK, Ireland, and DenmarkThe Southern Enlargement The EFTA EnlargementThe EU Looks EastwardManaging Enlargement: From Improvisation to GovernanceIntergovernmental Institutions and Actors Supranational Institutions and ActorsDebates: Assessing EnlargementThe 1970s to 1990s The “Big Bang” and After TürkiyeThe Western Balkans, Moldova, and Ukraine 14. European Neighbourhood PolicyAssem Dandashly and Gabriela Chira History and Origins of ENPThe Development of ENP since 2004 The Eastern and the Southern Neighbourhood (until 2010)Post-2010 Developments in ENPTypes of Agreements and AssociationsDebate: How Successful has the ENP Been? Part Three: Challenges 15. Democracy in the European Union Achim Hurrelmann Democratic Life in the EUEuropean ParliamentNational Democratic ProcessesProcedures for Civil Society ParticipationEU Democracy and the CitizensDebate: Is There a “Democratic Deficit” in EU Politics? 16. Unity in Diversity: Combating Inequalities in the European UnionHeather MacRae The Evolution of Equality and Non-discrimination MeasuresThe Limitations to the EU’s ApproachCurrent Controversies and DebatesFinancial Crisis and AusterityThe Rule of Law The Global Pandemic: COVID-19The EU’s Responses 17. European Green Deal and Energy SecurityMichèle Knodt, Julia Jänisch, and G. Cornelis van Kooten History of EU Climate and Energy PolicyEU Energy PolicyAn Integrated EU Climate Change PolicyEU Climate PolicyDebate: (Un)Fit for 55? The EU’s Challenging 2030 and 2050 Targets in Times of War 18. Geopolitics of the European UnionJoan Debardeleben The EU: An “Accidental” Geopolitical Actor?Regional Geopolitical Challenges: The EU’s Eastern and Southern NeighbourhoodConflict and Instability in Eastern EuropeThe Middle East and the Arab SpringGlobal Geopolitical Challenges: The EU’s Geopolitical Role Outside of EuropeThe EU’s Strategic PartnershipsInternational Terrorism and CybersecurityDebate: Relations with Russia and the Ukraine Crisis 19. ConclusionEmmanuel Brunet-Jailly, Achim Hurrelmann, and Amy Verdun Theme 1: Is the EU Still Committed to its Original Ambition of Building a Mixed Economic System That Is Neither State-Controlled nor Left to an Unconstrained Market?Theme 2: Does the EU Remain a Political System That Is Neither an International Organization, nor a Fully-Fledged Federal State?Theme 3: How Can the EU Build Its Legitimacy in the European Population? ChronologyGlossaryAppendix: Research ResourcesIndex

"An outstanding and comprehensive introduction to the contemporary European Union. The book stands out for its systematic comparisons of the European Union with Canadian federalism, the thoughtful discussion questions and exercises at the end of each chapter, and the well-curated, up-to-date recommendations for additional reading. Highly recommended for both undergraduate and graduate courses on the European Union."