This book explores, at a time when several powers have become serious players on the continent, aspects of African agency, past and present, by African writers on foreign policy, representative of geography, language and state size.

1. Introduction 2. What Next? Past and present African foreign policy concepts and practices 3. The African Union as a Foreign Policy Player: African Agency in International Cooperation 4. Unprincipled Pragmatism and Anti-Imperialist Impulses in an Interconnected World: The Zuma Presidency, 2009-2017 5. Towards A Strategic Culture Approach to Understanding and Conceptualising Ethiopia’s Foreign Policy Towards Israel and the Middle Eastern Arab Countries 6. Nigeria’s Foreign Policy and Intervention Behaviour in Africa: What Role for Agency? 7. Zimbabwe and New Signifiers: Towards a cultural political economy of Foreign Policy Making 8. Realist Conceptions of Kenya’s Foreign Policy and Foreign Policy Behaviour: A Theoretical and Contextual Disposition 9. Addressing the Conceptual Void of African Small State Foreign Policy in Orthodox Theory: A Case Study of Botswana's Principled Pragmatism 10. Tunisia’s Foreign Policy Towards France Before and After an Undemanding ‘Revolution’: A Theoretical Explanation of the An-Nahdha-led Interim Governments’ Soft Policy 11. Straddling Between Convergence and Divergence: A Constructivist’s View of Malawi’s Foreign Policy in Post-independence Africa 12. Strategies of a Small State Between Realism and Liberalism: Sixty Years of Guinea’s Diplomacy and Foreign Policy (1958-2018) 13. Rethinking SADC’s Collective Policymaking Processes on External Relations and Non-state Participation for Region-building 14. Towards an Understanding of the Interplay Between Ghana’s Foreign and Defence Policies 15. Conclusion