The book traces growing state intervention in the rural areas of Tunisia and Libya in the middle 1800s and the diverging development of the two countries during the period of European rule. State formation accelerated in Tunisia under the French with the result that, with independence, interest-based policy brokerage became the principal form of po

*FrontMatter, pg. i*Contents, pg. vii*Maps, pg. ix*Acknowledgments, pg. xi*Note on Transliteration, pg. xv*Chronology, pg. xvii*Introduction, pg. 1*One. States, Peasants, and Tribes: State Formation and Rural Transformation, pg. 17*Two. The North African Landscape on the Eve of Reform, pg. 36*Three. Military Reform: State Formation by Coercion, pg. 65*Four. Tax Reform and Administrative Reorganization, pg. 77*Five. Economic Commercialization, pg. 96*Six. European Occupation: The Social Structures of Collaboration and Resistance, pg. 114*Seven. The Protectorate Reforms: Strengthening the State, pg. 141*Eight. Nationalism and Clientelism: The Countryside Mobilized, pg. 158*Introduction, pg. 181*Nine. Divided Sovereignty and Competing States, pg. 185*Ten. Libia Italiana: Tribes Revived, pg. 203*Introduction, pg. 225*Eleven. The State Consolidated in Tunisia: Economic Development and Political Authoritarianism, pg. 231*Twelve. The State Avoided in Libya: From Rentier Monarchy to Distributive Jatnahiriyyah, pg. 251*Thirteen. State and Society in the Third World: The Lessons of Tunisia and Libya, pg. 270*Glossary of Arabic and Turkish Terms, pg. 281*Bibliographical Note, pg. 283*Selected Bibliography, pg. 295*Index, pg. 313