Table of contents - 8 Acknowledgements - 12 Summary - 14 Tables and figures - 16 Acronyms and abbreviations - 18 1. What is trafficking? - 20 2. Research design and methods - 60 3. Understanding trafficking - 96 4. Leaving Albania - 116 5. Arriving in France - 152 6. Living and working in Lyon - 184 7. Overcoming or accommodating trafficking - 214 8. Conclusions: explaining trafficking - 244 Notes - 272 Appendix A Questionnaire and guidelines - 278 Appendix B Cost of sex acts in Lyon - 288 Appendix C The lamp-post sticker used by the campaign - 289 Appendix D Advertisements for off-street sex workers - 290 Appendix E Number of transsexual and female prostitutes in Lyon - 291 Appendix F Ethical statement - 292 Appendix G The researcher’s map of Lyon - 293 Appendix H Social matrix of the trafficking order in Lyon - 294 References - 299

"For years, the human trafficking sector has been plagued with inconsistencies and lack of conceptual clarity. This book offers a fresh perspective to help us seriously rethink previous assumptions and expand our true understanding of the problem.” Matthew S. Friedman, Regional Project Manager, UN Inter-Agency Project on Human Trafficking in the Greater Mekong Sub-region |"This work represents an exciting addition to our knowledge and understanding of gender, while adding important new elements to theories about -- and the motivations for -- migration. A fascinating study." Jane Verbitsky, Senior Lecturer in the Department of Social Sciences, AUT University, Auckland|"Davies transcends the standard debates of agency vs. victimhood in exploring how Albanian sex workers regard themselves and the consumers of their sex work, how they realise culturally gendered strategies of social control and dependency and how both local and geopolitical factors restrict their choices. This unique study should become essential reading for those involved in gender and migration research." Stephanie Schwandner-Sievers, School of Slavonic and East European Studies University College London