Structural change in basic industries is usually interpreted as an autonomous economic process. Classic economic theories, which deal with structural change in a rather holistic way, correspond to this trend, predicting either a shift towards manufacturing and services or a relocation of old basic industries to developing countries.

Dirty Industries in Decline: An Introduction to the Case Studies.- A. Theoretical Approaches.- Towards an End to the “Era of Materials”? Discussion of a Hypothesis.- Structural Change in Basic Industries and the Environment — Theoretical Foundations and Classic Economic Theories.- New Theoretical Perspectives on Industrial Restructuring and their Implications for (Green) Industrial Policy.- An Evolutionary Perspective on Structural Change and the Role of Technology.- Sectoral Network Structures as Determinants of Structural Change.- Industrial Complexes as the Centres of Gravity for Green Industrial Restructuring.- Multinational Enterprises and Industrial Restructuring: A Strategic Environmental Management Approach.- Opportunities for a Green Industrial Policy from an Evolutionary Technology Perspective.- Global Change and the Economic Charm of the Environment.- B. The Case Studies.- Chlorine Production in Germany.- Fertiliser Production in Austria.- Coal and Steel in Western Europe.- Aluminium Production in Germany.- Cement Production in Austria.- Cement Production in Denmark.- Oil Refineries in France.- Oil Refineries in the Netherlands.- Nuclear Energy in Germany.

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