Originally published in 1982, this was the first in-depth study of the labour system of the South African gold mining industry during the crucial years 1886 to 1906. It provided an insight into the early period but was relevant for much longer, as many of the policies decided upon in the formative years of the industry persisted.

Part 1: The Foundations 1. Calculating the Wage Rate 2. The Black Labour Supply: Early Recruitment and Regulation 3. The Wage Bill: The Agreement of 1890 4. Quasi-official Control: The State and the Chamber of Mines 5. The East Coast Labour Supply: An Alternative Labour Supply 6. Pass Regulations and the Control of Mobility 7. The Formation of a Central Recruiting Organization 8. Manipulating The Wage Rate Part 2: The Randlords’ ‘Revolution from Above’ 9. The Needs of Deep-Level Mining: The Gold Industry and the State 10. The Transition from Boer to British Administration: The Impact of State Intervention Part 3: The Defence of the Labour Structure (1902-6) 11. The Post-War Labour Market 12. The First Defence of the Labour Structure: The Transvaal Labour Commission and the Unskilled Labour Supply 13. The Asian Labour Alternative 14. Racist Legislation and the Introduction of Chinese Labour 15. The Restoration of the Labour Supply.