This book offers a basic reference, new material and teaching supplements to graduate students and researchers in economics, finance and insurance. The book is divided into two main parts. Part I contains six survey articles on different subjects that represent significant developments over the past years: optimality of insurance contracting, liability insurance, moral hazard, adverse selection, insurance pricing and econometric estimation of accident distributions. Part 2 extends the recent literature by presenting fourteen essays on different subjects of current research in: (a) the theory of insurance economics covering nonlinear expected utility, prudence, deviant beliefs, incomplete markets, increases in risk, ambiguity; (b) problems of information including moral hazard and competitive markets, adverse selection and probationary periods, incomplete information and risk categorization; and (c) empirical studies on workers' compensation, adverse selection and the effects of no-fault in automobile insurance. Each paper is presented with an abstract and keywords, and can be read independently of the other contributions in the volume.