Introduction Part I: Overview 1. Languages Over the Past 40 Years: Does history repeat itself? 2. Cognitive Processing and Foreign Language Use 3. Evidence Informed Practice as an Effective Approach to Teacher Development Part II: Issues in the Classroom 4. Listening and Understanding 5. Speaking Interactively 6. Developing Reading and Decoding in the MFL Classroom 7. Learning and Teaching Writing in the FL Classroom: Fostering writing-to-learn approaches 8. Grammar: The never ending great debate 9. Vocabulary and Formulaic Language: Where to begin? 10. Cultural Awareness: Should it be taught, can it be taught? 11. Developments in Formative Assessment: A retrograde step for teaching and learning Making Progress in Languages: Issues around transition 12. The Many Faces of Motivation 13. Learning Strategies, Autonomy and Self-Regulated Learning Part III: Educational Debates 14. Making the Case for the Future of Languages 15. Creative Practice in the Languages Classroom 16. Content Language Integrated Learning: Has its time come? 17. Managing Learners’ Needs: Policy, research and practice 18. A New Era for Primary Languages