Contents: Introduction to The Elgar Companion to Digital Transformation, Artificial Intelligence and Innovation in the Economy, Society and Democracy 1 Elias G. Carayannis, Evangelos Grigoroudis, Sokratis Katsikas and David F.J. Campbell PART I CYBER-SECURITY 1 Categorizing cyber effects 7 Charles T. Harry and Nancy W. Gallagher 2 The challenge of advanced cyberwar and the place of cyberpeace 33 Elias G. Carayannis and John Draper 3 International sea, air and space politics 81 Alexandra Fabrykowska PART II INNOVATION AND CYBER-DEMOCRACY 4 Innovation as a driver of political preference formation in post-industrial society: origins and consequences 112 David M. Wineroither 5 Securing democracy in cyberspace 130 Andrew N. Liaropoulos 6 Microtargeting and big data: opportunities and threats for (cyber‑)democracy 145 Matthias Keppel PART III SOCIETY 5.0 7 Digital and green twins of Industry & Society 5.0: the role of universities 166 Elias G. Carayannis and Joanna Morawska 8 Increasing the research relevance for societal actors: the contribution of participatory research techniques to knowledge democracy 203 Magdalena Fellner 9 Crossing the black and white pattern of a chessboard with the colors of art: the digital turn and live reform movement 4.0 224 Ruth Mateus-Berr PART IV ECONOMY 5.0 AND QUINTUPLE INNOVATION HELIX 10 Aligning the Quintuple Helix model of innovation with Vietnam’s context: evidence from artificial intelligence innovation dialogues 252 Anh-Nguyet Luong 11 The bright future of ecosystem economies: explainable and reliable artificial intelligence via software–hardware interoperability 274 Georg Christoph Hanschitz 12 The academic firm within a Cyber-D4 environment 297 David F.J. Campbell and Elias G. Carayannis PART V ENTREPRENEURSHIP AND INNOVATION IN HIGHER EDUCATION 13 Technology transfer and innovation in higher education governance: comparing conceptual understandings displayed by University Performance Agreements over time 308 Magdalena Fellner, Attila Pausits and Florian Reisky 14 Innovation and student equity in higher education 326 Corinna Geppert and Franziska Lessky 15 Emergency and innovation: the impact of state-of-emergency on innovative educational practices during the Covid-19 pandemic 345 Attila Pausits, Stefan Oppl, Sandra Schön, Magdalena Fellner, David F.J. Campbell and Martin Dobiasch PART VI INSTITUTIONAL RESEARCH AND UNIVERSITY GOVERNANCE 16 Accelerating institutional research in China’s higher education institutions 373 Qin Zhuoli 17 Institutional research: past, present and future 381 Ana Parrón Cabañero 18 University governance in Austria, Finland and Scotland: possible implications from digitalization and Covid-19 394 Kajetan Stransky-Can Index