1. Framing the economic sustainability of oil economies.- 2. Fiscal sustainability, the labour market, and growth in Saudi Arabia.- 3. Outlook for producer economies.- 4. Economic diversification in Arab oil-exporting countries in the context of peak oil and the energy transition.- 5. Economic Diversification and Sustainable Development of GCC Countries.- 6. Redefining economic sustainability in resource-rich states: Comparative lessons.- 7. Fuel and electricity reform for economic sustainability in the Gulf.- 8. Fiscal sustainability and hydrocarbon endowment per capita in the GCC.- 9. GCC fiscal reforms and labor market policies.- 10. Economic diversification and job creation in the Arab Gulf countries: Applying a value chain perspective.- 11. Climate strategy for producer countries: The case of Saudi Arabia.- 12. The sustainability of GCC development under the new global oil order.

This open access book questions the stereotype depicting all Gulf (GCC) economies as not sustainable, and starts a critical discussion of what these economies and polities should do to guarantee themselves a relatively stable future.Volatile international oil markets and the acceleration of the energy transition has challenged the notion that oil revenues are sufficient to sustain oil economies in the near to medium term. But what is the meaning of economic sustainability? The book discusses the multiple dimensions of the concept: economic diversification, continuing value of resources, taxation and fiscal development, labor market sustainability, sustainable income distribution, environmental sustainability, political order (democracy or authoritarianism) and sustainability, regional integration.The overarching message in this book is that we should move on from the simplistic branding of the Gulf economies as unsustainable and tackle the details of which adaptations they might need to undertake.Giacomo Luciani teaches at the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies in Geneva, and at the Paris School of International Affairs, Sciences Po in Paris. His edited book The Rentier State (1987, with H. Beblawi), is frequently cited as reference for the concept. His latest edited book, Combining Economic and Political Development (2017), discusses economic policies to support democratic transitions and is available in open access.Tom Moerenhout teaches at Columbia University’s School of International and Public Affairs and is a scholar at SIPA’s Center on Global Energy Policy. He is involved as a practitioner on energy sector and structural reforms through his work as a consultant for the World Bank, International Institute for Sustainable Development and Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, amongothers.

This is an Open Access Book The first systematic discussion of what makes an oil economy sustainable Debunks commonly held notions of what makes an oil economy sustainable Highlights which oil economies are making progress towards sustainability Questions if all oil economies necessarily doomed to fail

GPSR Compliance The European Union's (EU) General Product Safety Regulation (GPSR) is a set of rules that requires consumer products to be safe and our obligations to ensure this. If you have any concerns about our products you can contact us on ProductSafety@springernature.com. In case Publisher is established outside the EU, the EU authorized representative is: Springer Nature Customer Service Center GmbH Europaplatz 3 69115 Heidelberg, Germany ProductSafety@springernature.com

Open Access This book is licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/), which permits any noncommercial use, sharing, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license and indicate if you modified the licensed material. You do not have permission under this license to share adapted material derived from this book or parts of it. The images or other third party material in this book are included in the book's Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the book's Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder.