The environmental degradation in the northeastern region of India is basically attributed to the increasing biotic pressure on the fragile ecosystems in the absence of suitable investments and proper management practices to enhance and conserve the natural resources. Population growth and poverty on the one hand and the pressure of rising demand from wealth and consumerism on the other hand, have been exerting powerful pressure on the ecosystems. Natural resources planning and management and sustainable livelihoods through integrated watershed management is not just a technical challenge; it is also a social challenge. The book is a valuable resource for policymakers, researchers, practitioners and stakeholders involved in natural resource management, sustainable development and watershed management in the Himalayan region.