Real world problems addressed in various fields (operations management, logistics, production scheduling, distribution problems, military) are becoming more complex due to the globalization of firm activities. The need to provide solutions in real time is essential, and advances in computer technology have helped. In addition, developments in methods and software have played a significant role in addressing large complex problems. The goal of this edited book is to teach the reader how to develop, design, implement parallel branch and bound algorithms and technology to solve combinatorial optimization problems, while increasing productivity and quality. The field is new but has sufficiantly matured for a group of experts in the field to present state of the art design and implementation techniques of parallel branch and bound algorithms.