This book constitutes the refereed post-conference proceedings of the 16th IFIP WG 5.1 International Conference on Product Lifecycle Management, PLM 2019, held in Moscow, Russia, in July 2019.The 38 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 63 submissions. PLM maturity and industry 4.0;

3D Modelling and Data Structures.- Augmented Reality for Operator Training on Industrial Workplaces – Comparing the Microsoft HoloLens vs. Small and Big Screen Tactile Devices.- Octree based Voxel Model for representation of spatial conflicts across multiple design domains.- A review, focused on data transfer standards, of the uncertainty representation in the digital twin context.- Review of CAD visualization standards in PLM.- PLM Maturity and Industry 4.0.- PLM implementation success rate in SME. An empirical study of implementation projects, preliminary findings.- Towards a novel comparison framework of digital maturity assessment models.- Evaluating the smart readiness and maturity of manufacturing companies along the product development process.- Empirical Study of Multi-Party Workshop Facilitation in Strategy Planning Phase for Product Lifecycle Management System.- Practical Implementation of Industry 4.0 based on open access tools and technologies.- Ontologies and Semantics.- Building a Multi-Aspect Ontology for Semantic Interoperability in PLM.- A preliminary method to support the semantic interoperability in Models of Manufacturing (MfM) based on an ontological approach.- An Approach to Semantic Interoperability for Product Development through Automatic Requirement Extraction and Semantic Reconciliation.- Communication Protocol Application for enhanced Connectivity of Sensors, Machines and Systems in Additive Manufacturing and Production Networks.- Tracking the Capture of Tacit Knowledge in Product Lifecycle Management Implementation.- PLM and Conceptual Design.- A Novel Approach to Product Lifecycle Management and Engineering Using Behavioural Models for the Conceptual Design Phase.- Graph-based tools for ECM search result analysis to support the ideation step.- A Property Graph Data Model for a Context-Aware Design Assistant.- Toward a Hybrid Agile Product Development Process.- A data preparation and migration framework forimplementing modular product structures in PLM.- Knowledge and Change Management.- Estimation of prospective states of mechanical parts for lifecycle support by part agents.- An approach to assess engineering change effort retrospectively utilizing past engineering change information.- Design and manufacturing of a device made of Additive manufacturing machines for fast and reliable measurement of material stiffness.- Motion-Structural Analysis of Systems using Digital Twins.- Modular product variety generator based on the modified Genetic Algorithm: a Lego Plane.- Computer vision with cognitive learning to improve the decision-making during the sales process in physical stores.- IoT and PLM.- Towards a digital thread between industrial internet of things and product lifecycle management: experimental work for prototype implementation.- Digital Twin – Integrating cloud services into communication protocols.- Development of a valuation method for IoT-platforms.- Impact ofIIoT based technologies on characteristic features and related options of nonownership business models.- Integrating Manufacturing Realities.- A concept to integrate Manufacturing Execution and Product Data Management Systems.- Disassembly Process Planning under End-of-Life Product Quality.- The Integration of True Lean and Industry 4.0 to Sustain a Culture of Continuous Improvement.- Robot Coalition Formation Based on Fuzzy Cooperative Games Over Blockchain-based Smart Contracts.- Integration between PLM and MES for one-of-a-kind production.- Integration of In-service and Operation.- Towards Understanding the Role of Product Usage Information in Product Design Improvement.- Hybrid data-driven and physics-based modelling for prescriptive maintenance of gas-turbine power plant.- Product-Service Systems lifecycle management in industry: interests and exploited data.- Implementation of pay-per-output business models and advanced automation systems in capital goods manufacturing SMEs.