This research study discusses the realities of African childhood in Anglophone Central Africa and Southern Africa with a specific focus on some of the key elements of governance, economy and family practice that have mitigated against good outcomes in health, education and adult success. The work includes specific hard data studies as well as analysis of larger social and cultural issues. Among the specific chapters by this all-African group of scholars are:Aetiology of street childhoodNurturing a window of hope: HIV and AIDS education in primary and secondary schoolsParental out migration and non migrant transnational childhood: Zimbabwe's status quoDeveloping a framework for neighbourhood environmental assessments: pilot projects in Vlakfontein, JohannesburgConflict with the Law: diversion and rehab programsStruggles in peri-urban settlements of Ruwa and Epworth, ZimbabweChildrens' rights advocacy and disabled students in rural educational settingsCorporal Punishment and African child raising traditions