1. Introduction on Challenges for Autoimmune Diseases 2. From horror autotoxicus to autoimmunity 3. Flow cytometry in the diagnosis of autoimmune related lymphoproliferative disorder 4. Autoantigens in atopic dermatitis: the characterization of autoantigens and their diagnostic value 5. Current paradigms and challenges in vitiligo translational research 6. The role of the kynurenine-pathway aryl hydrocarbon receptor axis in autoimmune diseases of the skin 7. COVID-19 in Childhood and Phenotypes of Pediatric Inflammatory Multisystem Syndrome 8. Challenges for epigenetics of periodontitis 9. Neutrophil extracellular traps in autoimmunity, renal diseases, and transplantation 10. Membranous nephropathy and the role of autoantibodies in its diagnosis and evolution 11. Testicular immune tolerance and viral infections 12. Ophthalmologic manifestations and management of systemic autoimmune diseases 13. Challenges for diagnosis and treatment of primary biliary cholangitis 14. Modelling autoimmune cholangiopathies as infectious disease 15. Bullous skin diseases and epitope-spreading 16. Dermatologic autoimmunity associated with immune checkpoints inhibitors 17. Insights and strategies to promote immune tolerance in allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation recipients 18. The potential of cellular transplantation to harness autoimmunity and reverse clinical diabetes

Describes challenges in the diagnosis, management and treatment of autoimmune diseases Highlights major difficulties in the diagnosis and management of autoimmune diseases Reflects important remediable deficiencies in current management Meets the needs of basic scientists, clinicians and translational scientists and industry partners