Cell transplantation to the brain and spinal cord is awell-established research tool for studies on cellular andmolecular mechanisms, but can it be developed into a usefultherapuetic approach in human neurological disorders?

References.- Transplantation in Parkinson’s Disease.- Experimental Studies in Animal Models of Parkinson’s Disease.- Clinical Studies in Patients with Parkinson’s Disease.- Research Strategies for the Development of a Transplantation Therapy in Parkinson’s Disease.- Conclusions.- References.- Transplantation in Huntington’s Disease: Experimental Basis and Clinical Perspectives.- Experimental Model.- Implants of Fetal Striatal Primordia.- Intrinsic Organization of the Striatal Grafts.- Biochemical Markers of Striatal Graft Maturation and Function.- Amelioration of Lesion-Induced Behavioral Deficits.- Mechanisms of Action of the Intrastriatal Grafts.- Afferent Regulation of the Grafted Neurons.- Trophic Effects of Striatal Transplants.- Studies in Primates.- Clinical Perspectives.- References.- Neural Transplantation in Dementia.- Common Terminology in Research on Alzheimer’s Disease.- Models of Cholinergic Deficiency.- Models of Trophic Factor Deficiency.- Critical Neuropathology of Alzheimer’s Disease.- Graft Models of the Cellular Pathology of Alzheimer’s Disease.- Clinical Prospects in Dementia.- References.- Transplantation in Experimental Epilepsy.- Noradrenergic Grafts in Experimental Epilepsy.- Other Grafts in Experimental Epilepsy.- Present Lines of Research and Clinical Perspectives.- Concluding Remarks.- References.- Genetically Modified Cells for Intracerebral Transplantation.- Genetically Modified Cells and the Neurotrophic Strategy.- Genetically Modified Cells for Neurotransmitter Replacement.- Discussion and Future Directions.- References.- Immunologic Aspects of Intracerebral CNS Tissue Transplantation.- General Aspects of Transplantation Immunology.- The Brain as a Transplantation Site.- Immunologic Experience of IntracerebralTransplantation in Patients with Parkinson’s Disease.- Conclusions.- References.

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