From khat to kava to ketamine, drugs are constitutive parts of cultures, identities, economies and livelihoods. This much-needed book is a clear introduction to the anthropology of drugs, providing a cutting-edge and accessible overview of the topic. The authors examine and assess the following key topics:How drugs feature in anthropology and the work of anthropologists and the general role of drugs in societyComparison between biochemical and pharmacological approaches to drugs and bio-socio-cultural models of understanding drugsEvolutionary origins of psychotropic drug sensitivity and archaeological evidence for the spread of psychoactive substances in pre-historyDrugs in spiritual and religions contexts, considering their role in altered states of consciousness, divination and healingStimulant drugs and the ambivalence with which they are treated in societyAddiction and dependencyDrug economies, livelihoods and the production and distribution segments of drug commodity chainsDrug policies and drug warsDrugs, race and genderThe future of the study of drugs and anthropological professional engagements with solving drug problemsWith the inclusion of chapter summaries and many examples, further reading and case studies – including drug tourism, drug industries in the Philippines and Mexico, Afghanistan and the ‘Golden Triangle’ and the opioid crisis in North America – The Anthropology of Drugs is an ideal introduction for those coming to the topic for the first time, and also for those working in the professional and health sectors. It will be of interest to students of anthropology and to those in related disciplines including sociology, psychology, health studies and religion.