Historians and other scholars of US environmental politics will find a scrupulously narrated account of the political milieu from which this legislation emerged, along with its evolution over recent decades, in the book’s first four chapters. Assembled from an impressive array of interview notes and archival texts, these accessible chapters detail the original objectives for and later impacts of this important statute…. Baier’s detailed policy history of the EAJA should be of interest to scholarly and lay readers alike.

Environmental History

We have here a book of truth and power. Lowell Baier in his thoughtful and powerful publication shows our history—first of abuse and more recently of our effort to protect this magnificent country and world.

- Representative John D. Dingell, (D) Michigan,

This masterful work of scholarship flawlessly proves that today’s new paradigm of cooperative conservation and federalism in endangered species conservation is a far more responsible endeavor with measurable results than can ever be achieved by combative saturation litigation and court intervention.

- Theodore Roosevelt, IV, Honorary Chair, League of Conservation Voters and Governing Council, The Wilderness Society,

Se alle

Lowell E. Baier's Inside the Equal Access to Justice Act is an important history of how American land conservation battles have played out in courts. All environmentalists should read this well written book. Highly recommended!

- Douglas Brinkley, Rice University, author of Rightful Heritage: Franklin D. Roosevelt and the Land of America and Wilderness Warrior: Theodore Roosevelt and the Crusade for America,

With more than 1,100 species currently under court-ordered consideration for listing under the Endangered Species Act, Lowell Baier’s powerful research forces all conservationists to question the efficacy of the current system and whether a more scientific and collaborative approach would produce better results for wildlife in the 21st Century.

- Collin O'Marra, President and CEO, National Wildlife Federation,

Minutely and extraordinarily researched, masterfully written in a voice that rings with authority from a tremendous depth of knowledge, it will transform your view of environmental litigation and its politics and players.

- Jack Ward Thomas, Chief Emeritus, U.S. Forest Service,

This book is the story of how decades of aggressive environmental litigation have eroded the core missions, expertise and effectiveness of America’s land, wildlife and water management agencies. It poses the serious question of how the public land mass comprising one-third of the United States can be effectively managed in the 21st century, and the consequences the remaining two-thirds will suffer from unchecked litigation.

- Representative Cynthia M. Lummis, (R) Wyoming,

Lowell Baier has been a lifelong champion for conservation, carrying on the legacy of President Theodore Roosevelt. This book on America’s lands litigation is a must read for all who care about the conservation of our wonderful national crown jewels.

- Kenneth L. Salazar, Former Secretary of the Interior and Senator (D) from Colorado,

“Baier has produced an intellectual tour de force with the publication of Inside the Equal Access to Justice Act. The focus of this book is the need to reform the Equal Access to Justice Act (EAJA) because of unintended provisions that incentivize and reward environmental litigants for filing suit against federal regulatory and land management agencies, and consequentially hinder proactive cooperative efforts. . . . Baier, a seasoned lawyer, political scientist, historian, and one of America’s leading conservationists, peels back layers of proverbial onion to reconstruct a fascinating story about how this law came into existence and the twist of fate that led to a seemingly minor provision being inserted that eventually opened the floodgates of environmental litigation.”

- John F. Organ, Chief, Cooperative Fish and Research Units, U.S. Geological Survey (appearing in Fair Chase Magazine),

Next Generation INDIE Book Awards Grand Prize Winner, Best Non-Fiction Book in 2017; and Winner in the Science/Nature/Environment category Finalist for Foreword INDIES Book of the Year Awards in Ecology and EnvironmentIn this book, Lowell E. Baier, one of America’s preeminent experts on environmental litigation, chronicles the century-long story of Americas’ resources management, focusing on litigations, citizen suit provisions, and attorneys’ fees. He provides the first book-length comprehensive examination of the little-known Equal Access to Justice Act (EAJA) and its role in environmental litigation. Originally intended to support veterans, the disabled and small business, the EAJA, Baier argues, now paralyzes America’s public land management agencies. Baier introduces readers to the history of EAJA, examines the many beneficiaries of the law, describes in depth 20 of the most prominent litigious environmental groups in America, and recommends carefully tailored amendments to the EAJA to correct environmental abuses of the law while protecting legitimate interests. Inside the Equal Access to Justice Act will be a valuable resource for the environmental legal community, environmentalists, practitioners at all levels of government, and all readers interested in environmental policy and the rise of the administrative state.
Les mer
Lowell E. Baier, one of America’s preeminent experts on environmental litigation, chronicles the century-long story of Americas’ resources management, focusing on litigations, citizen suit provisions, and attorneys’ fees. This book is a valuable resource for anyone interested in environmental policy and the rise of the administrative state.
Les mer
Table of ContentsTitle PageList of IllustrationsPrologue: Environmental Litigation and Its ConsequencesAuthor’s AcknowledgmentsChapter 1: The Growth of Government Regulation in the United StatesThe New Deal and the Foundation of the Administrative StateThe Administrative Procedure Act and Control Over AgenciesExpanding EntitlementsThe Great Society: Kennedy and JohnsonThe Era of Public Interest Law: Civil Rights, Consumerism and EnvironmentalismEnvironmental Litigation and Broadening the Waiver of Sovereign ImmunityChapter 2: The Development of the Equal Access to Justice ActEarly EAJA Proposals: Expanding the Public Interest MandateNarrowing and Focusing the Legislation: Responding to a Devastating Economic Crisis and Bureaucratic BlitzkriegEAJA: The Evolution of a Unique Small Business BillThe 1980 Presidential Election and the Reagan RevolutionWisconsin’s 1980 2nd District Congressional Election Campaign: A Microcosm of the Presidential ElectionThe Voice of the Silent Majority: America’s Small Business Community Resonates Through the Presidential Election Campaign1980 EAJA Hearings and Chairman Kastenmeier’s DilemmaThe September 3-4, 1980 Mark-Up of EAJA S. 265: Resurrection of a Pariah, the 501(c)(3) Financial ExemptionParanoia in the Capitol: EAJA’s Enactment Becomes Politically PragmaticChapter 3: Use and Amendment of the Equal Access to Justice Act from 1981 to 1985EAJA 101: How It WorksMoving EAJA from Temporary Legislation to Permanent LegislationThe Financial Exemption for 501(c)(3) OrganizationsPresident Regan’s Rejection of EAJA’s ReauthorizationChapter 4: Success and Expansion of the Equal Access to Justice Act After 1985Expanding EAJA’s Coverage and Reporting EAJA’s SuccessesImitating EAJASuccessful Users of EAJASmall BusinessesVeteransSocial Security BeneficiariesNative PeoplesImmigrantsExceptions: Cases Where EAJA Does Not ApplyRegulatory Shifts in the 1980’s and 1990’sFurther Amendments to EAJAChapter 5: The Universe of the Eco-CrusadersThe Constellation of Environmental AdvocatesThe First Generation: 1886 – 1936The Second Generation: 1947 – 1970The Third Generation: 1970 – 2000Anthropocentric Versus Biocentric Man, and Deep EcologyThe Secret World of Animal RightsChapter 6: Barbarians at the Gate: Saints and SinnersProfiles of the Third Generation’s Eco-Warriors: 1970 – 2000Environmental Public Interest Law FirmsConclusion to a Century of ChangeChapter 7: The Environmental Litigation CrisisThe Endangered Species Act: A License to SueThe Cost of Endangered SpeciesMegafauna to Megalitigation: Multidistrict LitigationThe MDL: Courtroom Access for Special InterestsA Temporary Reprieve: How the MDL will Beget More LawsuitsAn Answer to Litigation-Driven Species Management: Cooperative ConservationChapter 8: Cooperative Conservation: Preempting Listings and Building TrustThe Future Challenge: An Exercise in TrustThe Dunes Sagebrush LizardThe Lesser Prairie ChickenThe Greater Sage GrouseCooperative Conservation and Greater Sage GrouseCooperative Conservation: An Endangered Future?Chapter 9: Abuses of the Equal Access to Justice Act: Endangered Species and BeyondArmageddon: Litigating Solely to Delay Federal Agency ActionOf Wolves and Men: Using Litigation to Delay DelistingEAJA and Endangered Species: Statutory Limitations on Attorneys’ Fees Provisions501(c)(3)s and the Equal Access to Justice Act: America Foots the BillEvading Pierce: The Inflation of EAJA FeesThe Prevalence of SettlementsThe Sue and Settle Gambit: A New PhenomenonRulemaking by the Courts and EnvironmentalistsThe Cost of EAJAChapter 10: Reforming the Equal Access to Justice ActRecent Scrutiny of EAJACongressional Scrutiny of EAJARecommendations for Future EAJA Reform1. Restore reporting provisions2. Ensure the award of reasonable attorneys’ fees3. Make judicial intervention mandatory4. Strengthen eligibility requirements5. Fees awards under EAJA should be limited to $200,000 in any single case6. Each prevailing party should be limited to a total of three EAJA awards in any given year7. Parties should be statutorily barred from collecting multiple EAJA awards for the same work8. EAJA fees should be reduced in cases where parties utilize staff attorneys rather than outside counsel9. EAJA fees should be paid from agency budgets, not the Judgment Fund10. End no-fault litigation: Reverse fee shifting should be available under EAJAA Time for ActionEpilogue: A New Beginning?BibliographyAppendix A: The Equal Access to Justice ActAppendix A(1): The Equal Access to Justice Act After Passage in 1980Appendix A(2): The Equal Access to Justice Act After Reauthorization in 1985Appendix A(3): The Equal Access to Justice Act TodayAppendix B: EAJA Payments by the Department of Veterans Affairs, 2003-2012Appendix C: EAJA Payments by the Social Security Administration, 2004-2012Appendix D: Model Bill for Reform of the Equal Access to Justice ActAppendix E: AcronymsBibliography Author Biography
Les mer

Produktdetaljer

ISBN
9781538142776
Publisert
2020-03-17
Utgiver
Vendor
Rowman & Littlefield
Vekt
898 gr
Høyde
221 mm
Bredde
153 mm
Dybde
37 mm
AldersnivĂĽ
P, 06
SprĂĽk
Product language
Engelsk
Format
Product format
Heftet
Antall sider
678

Forfatter

Om bidragsyterne

Lowell E. Baier is an attorney and a legal and environmental historian and author. Baier holds a B.A. from Valparaiso University, a J.D. from Indiana University and has received two honorary doctorates. He’s worked in Washington, D.C. throughout his 50 year career as a tireless advocate for natural resources and wildlife conservation. Throughout his career, he has observed and documented wildlife and its habitats on extensive treks and expeditions in the mountains and wilderness regions across the North American Continent, the Pamirs and Caucasus of Russia, and Mongolia’s Gobi Desert and Altai Mountains, providing him with first hand observations of wildlife and man’s interactions across the globe. He was recognized as the Conservationist of the Year by the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation in 2008, and again in 2010 and 2013 by two different national organizations.