This publication, arising out of The Advocate’s Gateway inaugural conference in June 2015, represents not only the current state of knowledge from experts in the field, but more importantly evidence of a seismic shift in the justice system.

Preface Introduction The Hon. Mr Justice Green Avoiding Miscarriages of Justice Dr. Jacqueline Wheatcroft Accused in International Criminal Trials: Invulnerable? Dr. Andreas O’Shea Vulnerable Witnesses and Parties in all Civil Proceedings – Dignity, Respect and The Advocate’s Gateway Toolkit 17 Felicity Gerry QC Making Special Measures Special: Reasonable Adjustments for Deaf Witnesses and Defendants Dr. Sue O’ Rourke & Clare Wade How Effective are Judges and Counsel at Facilitating Communication with Vulnerable Persons in a Criminal Trial? Dr. Brendan M. O’Mahony Valuable Lessons and Poor Relations: Comparing the English Criminal and Family Justice Systems’ Approaches to Vulnerable and Intimidated Witnesses Professor Penny Cooper Poor Relations? Vulnerable in the Family Courts Charles Geekie QC The Best Interests of the Accused and the Adversarial System Conor Gillespie Putting Theory Into Practice: A Comparison of the Guidance Available to Investigative Interviewers and Advocates when using Communication Aids in the Criminal Justice System Dr. Michelle Mattison Vulnerable Voices? Jenny Talbot OBE, Waine Clegg and Anthony Fletcher A Postscript HHJ Michael Topolski QC