Religious organizations in many countries of the communist world have served as agents for the preservation, defense, and reinforcement of nationalist feelings, and in playing this role have frequently been a source of frustration to the Communist Party elites. This book deals with this topic.

Preface to the Second Edition ix Preface to the First Edition xi Part I. Comparative Analysis 1. The Interplay of Religious Policy and Nationalities Policy in the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe / Pedro Ramet 3 2. The Historical Role of Religious Institutions in Eastern Europe and Their Place in the Communist Party-State / Peter F. Sugar 42 3. Jewish Nationality and Religion in the USSR and Eastern Europe / Zvi Gitelman 59 Part II. The Soviet Union 4. The "Russian Orientation" and the Orthodox Church: From the Early Slavophiles to the "Neo-Slavophiles" in the USSR / Dimitry Pospielovsky 81 5. Catholicism and Nationalism in Lithuania / Kęstutis K. Girnius 109 6. Religion and Nationalism in Ukraine / Vasyl Markus 138 7. Religion and Nationalism in Soviet Georgia and Armenia / S. F. Jones 171 8. Islam and Nationalism in Soviet Central Asia / James Critchlow 196 Part III. Eastern Europe 9. The Luther Revival: Aspects of National Abgrenzung and Confessional Gemeinschaft in the Germanic Democratic Republic / Dan Beck 223 10. Church and Nationality in Postwar Poland / Vincent C. Chrypinski 241 11. Christianity and National Heritage among the Czechs and Slovaks / Pedro Ramet 264 12. Religion and Nationalism in Hungary / Leslie László 286 13. Religion and Nationalism in Yugoslavia / Pedro Ramet 299 14. Religion and Nationalism in Romania / Trond Gilberg 328 15. Nationalism and the Bulgarian Orthodox Church / Spas T. Raikin 352 16. The Fate of Islam in the Balkans: A Comparison of Four State Policies / Zachary T. Irwin 378 Part IV. Conclusion 17. Conclusion / Pedro Ramet 411 Notes 425 About the Contributors 499 Index 503