List of Figures viii List of Tables xi Notes on Contributors xv Introduction 1Manuel Díaz-Campos I Phonological Variation 7 1 Laboratory approaches to sound variation and change 9Laura Colantoni 2 V ariationist Approaches: External Factors Conditioning Variation in Spanish Phonology 36Antonio Medina-Rivera 3 Internal Factors Conditioning Variation in Spanish Phonology 54Francisco Moreno-Fernández 4 Socio-phonological variation in Latin American Spanish 72John M. Lipski 5 Sociophonological variation and change in Spain 98José Antonio Samper Padilla II Morphosyntactic variation 121 6 Variationist Approaches to Spanish Morphosyntax: Internal and External Factors 123Scott A. Schwenter 7 Variation and grammaticalization 148Rena Torres Cacoullos 8 Morphosyntactic variation in Spanish-speaking Latin America 168Paola Bentivoglio and Mercedes Sedano 9 Morphosyntactic variation in Spain 187María José Serrano III Language, the individual, and the society 205 10 Aging, Age, and Sociolinguistics 207Richard Cameron 11 Gender and variation: Word-final /s/ in men’s and women’s speech in Puerto Rico’s western highlands 230Jonathan Holmquist 12 Forms of address: The effect of the context 244Diane R. Uber 13 Becoming a member of the speech community: Learning Socio-phonetic Variation in child language 263Manuel Díaz-Campos 14 The relationship between historical linguistics and sociolinguistics 283Donald N. Tuten and Fernando Tejedo-Herrero 15 The acquisition of variation in second language Spanish: How to identify and catch a moving target 303Kimberly Geeslin IV Spanish in Contact 321 16 Spanish in Contact with Quechua 323Anna María Escobar 17 Spanish in Contact with Guaraní 353Shaw n. Gynan 18 Spanish in Contact with Catalan 374José Luis Blas Arroyo 19 Spanish in Contact with Portuguese: the Case of Barranquenho 395J. Clancy Clements, Patrícia Amaral, and Ana R. Luís 20 Spanish in Contact with Haitian Creole 418Luis A. Ortiz López 21 Palenque (Colombia): Multilingualism in an Extraordinary Social and Historical Context 446Armin Schwegler 22 Spanish in Contact with Arabic 473Lotfi Sayahi V Spanish in the United States, Heritage Language, L2 Spanish 491 23 Spanish in the United States: Bilingual Discourse Markers 493Lourdes Torres 24 Functional Adaptation and Conceptual Convergence in the Analysis of Language Contact in the Spanish of Bilingual Communities in New York 504Ricardo Otheguy 25 Code-switching among US Latinos 530Almeida Jacqueline Toribio 26 Language and Social Meaning in Bilingual Mexico and the United States 553Norma Mendoza-Denton and Bryan James Gordon 27 Intrafamilial Dialect Contact 579Kim Potowski 28 Heritage Language Students: The Case of Spanish 598Guadalupe Valdés and Michelle Geoffrion-Vinci 29 Language Maintenance and Language Shift among US Latinos 623Jorge Porcel 30 Mockery and Appropriation of Spanish in White Spaces: Perceptions of Latinos in the United States 646Adam Schwartz VI Language Policy/Planning, Language Attitudes and Ideology 665 31 Planning Spanish: Nationalizing, Minoritizing and Globalizing Performances 667Ofelia García 32 Bilingual Education in Latin America 686Serafín M. Coronel-Molina and Megan Solon 33 V ariation and Identity in Spain 704Juan Manuel Hernández-Campoy 34 V ariation and Identity in the Americas 728Mercedes Niño-Murcia 35 Linguistic Imperialism: Who Owns Global Spanish? 747Clare Mar-Molinero and Darren Paffey Index 765

“Díaz-Campos singlehandedly tackled this massive task with impeccable editorial skills and a well-informed vision…An imperative reference for scholars and advanced students of Hispanic sociolinguistics, obligatory on all MA and PhD reading lists on Hispanic linguistics, and highly recommended for anyone seeking a comprehensive, contemporary view of the field.”Journal of Sociolinguistics “This is a state-of-the art and informative book that tackles many of the pivotal issues in theoretical and experimental Hispanic sociolinguistics. It features internationally renowned contributors from around the world, providing a broad view and new insights into this complex and dynamic field. Its pan-Hispanic approach—together with its breadth and novelty—make the volume an indispensable reference book for both students and researchers.”Language in Society “The book is a really impressive collection of key issues in today’s sociolinguistics. It presents the most researched areas of the field in a comprehensive way and thereby reflects the rich diversity of dialects and varieties spoken across the Americas and Spain.”ELanguage The Handbook of Hispanic Sociolinguistics is a comprehensive, state-of-the-art overview of theoretical and applied research in this emerging field. Each of its sections brings together the latest perspectives by internationally renowned sociolinguists on key research strands, including phonological and morpho-syntactic variation; language, age, and gender; language contact; Spanish in the United States of America; and language policy and planning. Featuring newly commissioned material, the Handbook is an authoritative response to the need for a dedicated resource on sociolinguistic research in Spanish and will help shape the ongoing discussions in this field for years to come.