Acknowledgments viii

Introduction 1

1 On So-Called “Pronouns” in English, 1966 12
Paul Postal

2 On Complementizers: Toward a Syntactic Theory of Complement Types, 1970 26
Joan W. Bresnan

3 Remarks on Nominalization, 1970 42
Noam Chomsky

4 Conditions on Transformations, 1973 58
Noam Chomsky

5 On Grammatical Relations and Clause Structure in Verb-Initial Languages, 1977 74
Stephen R. Anderson and Sandra Chung

6 On Wh-Movement, 1977 86
Noam Chomsky

7 Why Subject Sentences Don’t Exist, 1978 108
Jan Koster

8 Violations of the Wh Island Constraint in Italian and the Subjacency Condition, 1980 121
Luigi Rizzi

9 On Certain Differences between French and English, 1981 136
Richard S. Kayne

10 Move WH in a Language without WH Movement, 1982 151
C. T. James Huang

11 Negation, Wh-Movement, and the Null Subject Parameter, 1982 169
Luigi Rizzi

12 The Mirror Principle and Morphosyntactic Explanation, 1985 187
Mark Baker

13 On the Double Object Construction, 1988 203
Richard K. Larson

14 Facets of Romance Past Participle Agreement, 1989 220
Richard S. Kayne

15 Verb Movement, Universal Grammar, and the Structure of IP, 1989 233
Jean-Yves Pollock

16 Parameters of Phrase Structure, 1989 247
Lisa Travis

17 Negative Heads and the Neg Criterion, 1991 262
Liliane Haegeman and Raffaella Zanuttini

18 Romance Clitics, Verb Movement, and PRO, 1991 277
Richard S. Kayne

19 The Position of Subjects, 1991 294
Hilda Koopman and Dominique Sportiche

20 On Argument Structure and the Lexical Expression of Syntactic Relations, 1993 312
Kenneth Hale and Samuel Jay Keyser

21 Reference and Proper Names: A Theory of N-Movement in Syntax and Logical Form, 1994 328
Giuseppe Longobardi

22 The Noun Phrase, 1994 347
Anna Szabolcsi

23 Distributivity and Negation. The Syntax of Each and Every, 1997 364
Filippo Beghelli and Tim Stowell

24 The Fine Structure of the Left Periphery, 1997 379
Luigi Rizzi

25 The Typology of Structural Deficiency: A Case Study of the Three Classes of Pronouns, 1999 400
Anna Cardinaletti and Michal Starke

26 Bare and Not-So-Bare Nouns and the Structure of NP, 1999 413
Lisa Lai-Shen Cheng and Rint Sybesma

27 Remarks on Holmberg’s Generalization, 1999 430
Anders Holmberg

28 Movement and Control, 1999 448
Norbert Hornstein

29 VSO and VOS: Aspects of Niuean Word Order, 2000 463
Diane Massam

30 Derivation by Phase, 2001 482
Noam Chomsky

31 IP-Internal Topic and Focus Phrases, 2001 497
K. A. Jayaseelan

32 The Configurational Structure of a Nonconfigurational Language, 2001 515
Julie Anne Legate

33 Antisymmetry and Japanese, 2003 533
Richard S. Kayne

34 “Restructuring” and Functional Structure, 2004 551
Guglielmo Cinque

35 Deriving Greenberg’s Universal 20 and Its Exceptions, 2005 569
Guglielmo Cinque

Index 583

An Annotated Syntax Reader presents a collection of excerpted foundational articles in the field of syntax – readings that most clearly demonstrate the empirical and theoretical reasoning that form the foundation of current syntactic theory. The papers are reduced to core excerpts, facilitating readers' access to observing seminal ideas at their inception and to understanding how and why they continue to inform current thinking. Each article is accompanied by an introduction, which sets it in context and highlights its relation to current frameworks and ideas; and by a carefully chosen series of discussion questions, which invite readers to reflect on issues raised in the article and connect them to recent works in the syntax literature. An Annotated Syntax Reader: Lasting Insights and Questions is an invitation for emerging scholars to consider the core issues in syntax with an appreciation for the intellectual history of today’s ideas.

“This valuable volume is greatly to be welcomed. The selection of papers and the thoughtful and informative commentary provide an outstanding guide to the progress in understanding of language and its fundamental properties as it has developed in the past half century of highly productive inquiry”
Noam Chomsky, Massachusetts Institute of Technology

“This book is a treasure trove for students, teachers and researchers alike. The chapters constitute milestones in the history of formal syntax, and the editors’ carefully developed annotations and introduction help place chapters in relation to the field in general and in relation to each other.”
Liliane Haegeman, Ghent University

“An invaluable collection of articles that have shaped our current understanding of syntactic theory. It’s not a historical overview of the field, nor just a record of some of its more stable findings. The introductions and questions that accompany each of the 35 (excerpted) articles constitute a unique tool for students (and researchers) to go beyond the results obtained there. A beautiful idea.”
Guglielmo Cinque, University of Venice

“To have all these classics collected in one volume is wonderful. To have them edited and annotated by this team of linguists is almost too good to be true.”
Anders Holmberg, Newcastle University

"This valuable volume is greatly to be welcomed.  The selection of papers, and the thoughtful and informative commentary, provide an outstanding guide to the progress in understanding of language and its fundamental properties as it has developed in the past half century of highly productive inquiry."
—Noam Chomsky, Massachusetts Institute of Technology

"This is book is a treasure trove for students, teachers and researchers alike. The chapters constitute milestones in the history of formal syntax, and the editors' carefully developed annotations and introduction help place chapters in relation to the field in general and in relation to each other."
—Liliane Haegeman, Ghent University

"An invaluable collection of articles that have shaped our current understanding of syntactic theory. It's not a historical overview of the field, nor just a record of some of its more stable findings . . . a beautiful idea."
—Guglielmo Cinque, Ca' Foscari University of Venice

"To have all these classics collected in one volume is wonderful. To have them edited and annotated by this team of linguists is almost too good to be true."
—Anders Holmberg, Newcastle University