As part of a detailed introduction to the post-Reformation church topography of Norway, some 140 epitaphs preserved in all parts of Norway from the period 1550 to 1700 are documented with illustrations, descriptions and short biographies. The book contains numerous illustrations of the epitaphs, transcriptions, and translations into English.

CHAPTER 1. REFORMATION AND MEMORIAL CULTURE IN NORWAY 17 A Different Reformation 17 The Danish-Norwegian Clergy and the King 18 The New Role of the Clergy 20 The Vicar in the Local Community 22 Nobility in Norway 23 Senior Civil Servants and Farmers 24 The Most Important Livelihoods 24 The Reformation, Death and the Deceased 25 Mounting an Epitaph 28 Cities and Rural Districts 30 Who Mounted Epitaphs? 32 The Function of the Epitaphs 37 Artefacts Similar to Epitaphs 39 Epitaphs in the Eighteenth Century 43 Who made the Epitaphs? 45 The Further Fate of the Epitaphs 53 Maps of Early Modern Ecclesiastical Geography and Early Modern Population in Norway 54 References 57 CHAPTER 2: KRISTIANIA DIOCESE 61 AROUND LAKE MJØSA 66 Løten Church 66 Even Bårdsen and Magnhild Larsdatter, 1660s 67 Ringsaker Church 70 Ole Thomassen and Marte Hågensdatter, 1632 70 Deglum Church 73 Jon Syversen Spikdalen and Mari Spikdalen, 1674 73 Romedal Church 76 Christen Steffensen Bang and Helene Hansdatter, 1636 76 Tomter or Vallset Church 81 Stange Church 84 Christoffer Stockfleth and Hans Müller, 1681 84 Thorbjørn Skaktavl?, no date 88 Vang Church 92 Laurits Pedersen Sverdrup and Sofia Toller, 1690s? 92 Hans Prytz, before 1631 94 Biri Church 94 Bård Nielsen and Eline Larsdatter, 1654 96 Esaias Fleischer, 1656 98 Mads Pedersen Aalborg and Hilleborg Christoffersdatter, 1685 100 INDRE ØSTLANDET 105 Fet Church 105 Johan Mogensen Teiste, 1683 106 Nes Church 110 Jens Colstrup, 1697 110 Skedsmo Church 115 Claus Bastiansen and Margrethe Olsdatter, 1648 115 Ullensaker Church 119 Niels Thomassen and Dorothea Jensdatter Klingenberg, 1607/1614 119 Ås Church 124 Jørgen Harder, 1682 124 Sørum Church 128 Erik Gertsen, 1590s 129 Strøm Church 132 Eskild Christensen, 1668 132 Gjertrud Svendsdatter, 1615 134 Eidsberg Church 135 Hans Bertelsen Mule, 1658 136 Trøgstad Church 139 Jørgen Nielsen Holst and Maren Jensdatter, 1655 139 Anders Evensen and Ide Pedersdatter, 1678 142 GUDBRANDSDALEN 145 Lom Church 146 Thor Rasmussen Gaupar and Karen Olsdatter, 1650 146 Rolf Mikkelsen Blakar, 1650/1799 149 Østre Gausdal Church 152 Anders Knutsen Hammer, 1677 153 Maurits Jensen and Ane Jensdatter, 1666 155 Sør-Fron Church 158 Otmar Elinger and Fredrik Davidsen Varberg, 1680 158 Vågå Church 160 Sofia Pedersdatter, 1632 161 Ole Thoresen Lunde and Marte Iversdatter, 1668 164 ØSTERDALEN 168 Elverum Church 168 Frantz Wilhelm von Fölkersahm, 1678 168 Jens Alexandersen Borch and Christoffer Knutsen Hammer, 1679 172 Vingelen Church 175 Kirsten Pedersdatter Åsen, 1678 176 VALDRES 178 Vestre Slidre Church 179 Niels Andersen Spydeberg, 1654 179 Niels Andersen Spydeberg and Jens Nielsen Slidre, 1687 182 BUSKERUD 184 Flesberg Church 184 Magdalene Brant, 1700 185 Niels Rasmussen Lemvig and Anna Nielsdatter Thune, 1698 187 Claus Jochumsen Hintz, 1705 190 Gol Church 192 Bjørn Tolleivsen Frøysåk, 1699 192 Torpo Church 195 Anders Andersen Holst (?), 1649 195 Hole Church 198 Mathias Sass, 1664 198 Heggen Church 200 Lage Thomassen, 1590s 200 Rollag Church 204 Niels Andersen Vendel, 1653 204 Knut Jørgensen Winter and Ingeborg Steffensdatter, 1653 206 Holmen Church 212 Niels Nielsen Griis, c. 1700 212 BRUNLA AND BRATSBERG COUNTY 215 Bamble Church 216 Gregers Mortensen Aalborg, after 1631 216 Berg Church 218 Hans Markussen, Hans Foed, and Bertel Andersen, 1601 219 YTRE SMÅLENENE 222 Glemmen Church 222 Jean Caspar de Cicignon, end of 17th century 222 Berg Church 225 Gerlof Nettelhorst, 1640s 226 Tomb Chapel 228 Margrethe Huitfeldt (?), 1682 228 EPITAPHS FROM KRISTIANIA STIFT WITHOUT KNOWN PROVENANCE 231 Unknown family, end of the seventeenth century 231 Possibly 1640 – 50 232 Possibly 1670 – 80 234 CHAPTER 3: STAVANGER/KRISTIANSAND DIOCESE 237 ROGALAND 242 Stavanger Cathedral 242 Elisabeth Pedersdatter – 1578 242 Paul Pedersen “skriver / writer” (district judge) – 1619 246 Markus Christensen Humble – 1661 249 Severin Pedersen Godtzen and Elisabeth Christensdatter Trane – 1662 252 Jens Pedersen Hiermann and Anna Cathrine Nielsdatter – 1664 255 Severin Fransen, Mette Matsdatter Tausan and Agnete Sørensdatter Godtzen – 1674 258 Christian Matsen Tausan – 1676 261 Unknown clergyman and family – early seventeenth century. 264 Morten Seehusen – 1694 266 Deliana Lützow, Laurids Lindenow and Ide Lützow – 1690 268 Jørgen Eriksen – 1589 271 Huldeborg Godtzen – 1698 274 Høyland Church, Sandnes 276 Uncertain who is depicted – c. 1620 277 Hjelmeland Church 280 Jens Simonsen Morsing – 1680 280 Imsland Church, Vindafjord 283 Peder Pedersen – c. 1600 283 Jelsa Church, Suldal 286 Peder Henriksen Hørlick – 1608 286 Markus Pedersen – 1622 289 Nedstrand Church, Tysvær 291 Erik Jørgensen Klingenberg – 1695 292 Unknown – c. 1700 294 Vats Church, Vindafjord 295 Johannes Osmundsen Stokka – c. 1620 296 Skåre Church, Haugesund 298 Barttelt (Bartel) Krossen – 1661 299 SØRLANDET 301 Holum Church, Mandal 301 Thomas Jonsen – after 1565 301 Feda Church, Kvinesdal 304 Mikkel Jensen Block and Ane Henriksdatter – 1679 304 Valle Church, Sør-Audnedal 306 Peder Clausen Friis – 1614 307 Søndeled Church, Risør 310 Christen Svenningsen – 1664 310 Vestre Moland Church, Lillesand 314 Anders Mule – 1638 314 CHAPTER 4: BERGEN DIOCESE 319 BERGEN 324 The Cathedral and the Norwegian Parish Churches 324 The German Churches 325 St. Mary’s Church: Two Pastors and a Pastor’s Wife 327 Johannes Niehau, 1573 327 Georg Lammers with Family, 1648 329 Catharina Janicke, 1628 332 St. Mary’s Church: Guild Masters and Merchants 337 Gerhard von Bolsving og Christian Christiansen, 1585 337 Gert Meier, 1623 340 Heinerich Icke, 1625 342 Frans Langen, 1630 344 Hans Bonhoff, 1643 346 Johan Mestmacher, 1643 348 Otto Volckers, 1650 351 Johan Witte og hustru Gesche Wulst, 1652 353 Arend Rouwe, 1690 356 HARDANGER AND VOSS 358 Ulvik Church 359 Thomas Samuelsen Uro, 1652 359 Eidfjord Old Church 361 Laurits Jensen Muus (?), 1650 (?) 362 Vikøy kirke, Kvam, Hardanger 364 Unknown, c. 1630 364 Voss Church 367 Anders Buck, Henrik Gertsen Miltzow og Christentze Matzdatter, 1633 367 SOGNEFJORD 371 Vangen Church, Aurland, Sogn 371 Niels Michelsen og Trine Henriksdatter, 1614 372 Dale Church, Luster, Sogn 375 Anders Lauritsen, 1630 375 Søren Lauritsen, 1654 378 Stevelin Adamsen Reutz, his Family and Elsebe, 1682 380 Kaupanger Stave Church, Sogndal 382 Gjøde Pedersen, 1634 383 Thaames Willemsen with Wife and Children, 1659 385 Leikanger Church, Sogn 387 Jens Bugge and Christine Dorothea Schjelderup, 1661 388 Tjugum Church (Balestrand) 389 Christen Jensen and Wife hustru Gye Lauridtzdatter, 1672 390 Hopperstad Stave Church, Vik in Sogn 392 Sophia Jørgensdatter Poss/Post, 1661 393 Iver Eriksen Leganger, 1688 395 SUNNFJORD 398 Kinn Church, Flora 398 Absalon Absalonsen Beyer, 1639 398 Førde Church 401 Hans Findmann and family, Karen Dyrhus and Giertrud Finde, 1681 401 NORDFJORD 404 Vereide Church, Gloppen 404 Birrete Christensdatter, 1608 404 Loen Church, Stryn 407 Jørgen Post, 1670 –1680 408 Innvik Church, Stryn 410 Peder Gabelsen, Maren Jensdatter and Agnete Pedersdatter with two Husbands (Bendix Nielsen Friis og Absalon Jørgensen Beyer) and four Children, 1647 or after 1650 411 SUNNMØRE 414 Hjørundfjord Church, Ørsta 414 Jørgen Hansen, 1631 414 Ørsta Church 417 Knud Nielsen Wiig and Ragnhild Abelseth with family, 1703 418 Volda Church 420 Mads Clausen Skaaning, 1670s (?) 420 Rovde Church 423 Ove Christensen Frost and Maren Hansdatter Hellekande, 1700 423 Sande Church 425 Mats Frandsen, 1690s 425 Ørskog Church 427 Christen Jensen Hegelund, 1673 427 Borgund Church 429 Hans Claussen Gaas, 1644 430 CHAPTER 5: TRONDHEIM DIOCESE 435 TRØNDELAG 438 Trondheim (Nidaros) Cathedral 439 Erik Pontoppidan the elder – 1670s 444 Orkdal Church 448 Jon Jonsen (Budde) – 1634 448 Melhus Church 450 Hans Lauritsen and Anna Ludvigsdatter – 1650s 450 Anders Mogensen, Mikkel Melchiorsen and Oluf Mentzen – 1666 453 Meldal Church 456 Anders Olsen Bruse – 1672 456 Anders Olsen Bruse – 1651 461 Sten Evensen (Meldal) – 1672 464 Roan Church 466 Ole Torgersen – 1654 467 Leksvik Church 469 Iver Olsen – 1600s 470 Stiklestad Church (Verdal) 472 Jochum Ernst von Grabo (Grabow) – 1655 472 Oppdal Church 475 Andreas (Anders) Roaldsen Blik (Blix) – most likely 1654 475 Erik Laurentsen Blix – 1633 478 Andreas Roaldsen Blik (Blix) – 1662 481 Røros Church 483 Johannes Henriksen Irgens and Elisabeth Arnisæusdatter – 1668 484 ROMSDAL AND NORDMØRE 487 Vestnes Church, Romsdal 487 Iver Andersen and Anna Ludvigsdatter Munthe – 1694 488 Veøy Church, Romsdal 490 Zacharias Christophersen Holck – 1623 491 Kvernes Stave Church, Nordmøre 494 Anders Eriksen and Lisabeth Eriksdatter – 1671 495 Kornstad Church, Nordmøre 498 Ole Olsen Helt – 1638 498 Tingvoll Church, Nordmøre 500 Hans Nielsen Tausan – 1661 500 NORDLAND 503 Nesna Church 503 Niels Krabbe – 1653 504 Vågan Church (“the Lofoten Cathedral”) 507 Boe Jensen – 1599 507 TROMS 510 Ibestad Church 510 Johan Olsen (Olufsen) – uncertain, 1600s 511 Tranøy Church 514 Jens Christensen and Karen Andersdatter – 1679 514 Mefjord (Mefjordvær) Church 516 Michel Pedersen Morsund, 1687 516 Skjervøy Church 519 Christen Mikkelsen Heggelund – 1678 520 Kvænangen (Skorpa) Church 522 Anne Andersdatter – 1690 523 FINNMARK 525 Loppa Church 526 Torben Reiersen Gamst – 1678. The old Vadsø Church 526 Vadsø Church 529 Laurits Henriksen Bras – 1651 529 Vardø Church 532 Anders Rickersen – 1647 532 List of Figures 535 Places 537 Persons 541