Notes on Contributors viii Acknowledgments xii Introduction: Nordic Cinema: Breaking New Waves since the Dawn of Film 1Mette Hjort and Ursula Lindqvist Part I States of Cinema: Nordic Film Policy 13 Introduction 15Mette Hjort and Ursula Lindqvist 1 Regional and Global Dimensions of Danish Film Culture and Film Policy 19Ib Bondebjerg 2 Developing a Bhutanese Film Sector in the Intersection between Gross National Happiness and Danish Guidance 41Nis Grøn 3 Cinema in the Welfare State: Notes on Public Support, Regional Film Funds, and Swedish Film Policy 60Olof Hedling 4 “Education, Enlightenment, and General Propaganda”: Dansk Kulturfilm and Carl Th. Dreyer’s Short Films 78C. Claire Thomson Part II Making Filmmakers: Models and Values 99 Introduction 101Mette Hjort and Ursula Lindqvist 5 How to Train a Director—Film Schools in the Nordic Countries 105Astrid Söderbergh Widding 6 Non-Fiction Film Culture in Sweden circa 1920–1960: Pragmatic Governance and Consensual Solidarity in a Welfare State 125Mats Jönsson 7 Crossing Borders: Going Transnational with “Danish” Film Training, Capacity Building, and Talent Development 148Mette Hjort Part III Reeling ’Em In: Spectatorship and Cinephilia 173 Introduction 175Ursula Lindqvist and Mette Hjort 8 The Rise and Fall of Norwegian Municipal Cinemas 179Ove Solum 9 The “Capital of Scandinavia?” Imaginary Cityscapes and the Art of Creating an Appetite for Nordic Cinematic Spaces 199Maaret Koskinen 10 Jörn Donner and the Emergence of a New Film Culture in Postwar Scandinavia 224Kimmo Laine 11 The Formation of a Cinema Audience in Sweden, 1915–1929 242Tommy Gustafsson Part IV Reinventing the Reel: Transitions and Triumphs 265 Introduction 267Ursula Lindqvist and Mette Hjort 12 Searching for Art’s Promised Land: Nordic Silent Cinema and the Swedish Example 271Casper Tybjerg 13 Aki Kaurismäki—From Punk to Social Democracy 291Andrew Nestingen 14 Swedish Cinema of the 1940s, a New Wave 313Fredrik Gustafsson 15 Between Art and Genre: New Nordic Horror Cinema 332Gunnar Iversen 16 A Tradition of Torturing Women 351Linda Haverty Rugg Part V Connecting Points: Global Intersections 371 Introduction 373Mette Hjort and Ursula Lindqvist 17 Memories of Cultural Dismemberment: Nils Gaup, Mons Somby, and the Re]Membering of Sámi History 377Wendy Gay Pearson 18 The Scandinavian Colonies of Silent]Era Hollywood 396Arne Lunde 19 Films into Uniform: Dogme 95 and the Last New Wave 417Scott MacKenzie 20 Nordic Remakes in Hollywood: Reconfiguring Originals and Copies 436Anna Westerståhl Stenport 21 The Global Distribution of Swedish Silent Film 457Laura Horak Part VI The Eye of Industry: Practitioner’s Agency 485 Introduction 487Ursula Lindqvist and Mette Hjort 22 The Writing of Television Drama: Issues of Creative Collaboration and Authorship in Danish Writers’ Rooms 491Eva Novrup Redvall 23 Universal Aspirations and Ecocosmopolitan Rhetoric: The Finnish Ecodocumentary 510Pietari Kääpä 24 The Emergence of a Tradition in Icelandic Cinema: From Children of Nature to Volcano 529Björn Nordfjörd 25 The Art of Not Telling Stories in Nordic Fiction Films 547Ursula Lindqvist 26 The Death of Porn? An Autopsy of “Scandinavian Sin” in the Twenty]first Century 566Mariah Larsson Appendix 589 Index 591

The Companion to Nordic Cinema encompasses original contributions by twenty-six Nordic and international film scholars, writing from the Nordic region as well as the United States, Canada, Scotland, and Hong Kong. The volume offers a transnational approach to one of the world’s earliest and oldest film-producing regions. Focusing on issues that cut across the region—film policy, film education, cinephilia, innovation, global connections, and practitioner's agency—authors bring the creativity and contributions of the Nordic cinema’s practitioners, films, and film cultures into sharp relief. The Companion provides a variety of paths through the complex history of Nordic cinematic traditions, tracing compelling links between well-known names and titles and the forms of personal and institutional creativity that facilitated their very emergence and success. Together, the chapters provide the distinctive historical, cultural, and political contexts that account for Nordic cinema’s striking successes since the dawn of the medium. At the same time, they clearly show that the Nordic region’s filmmaking milieus are deeply transnational and fully engaged with global cinematic flows. Offers a comprehensive, transnational and regional account of Nordic cinema from its origins to the present dayFeatures original contributions from more than two dozen international film scholars based in the Nordic countries, the United States, Canada, Scotland, and Hong KongCovers a wide range of topics on the distinctive evolution of Nordic cinema including the silent Golden Age, Nordic film policy models and their influence, audiences and cinephilia, Nordic film training, and indigenous Sámi cinema.Considers Nordic cinema’s engagement with global audiences through coverage of such topics as Dogme 95, the avant-garde filmmaking movement begun by Danish directors Lars von Trier and Thomas Vinterberg, and the global marketing and distribution of Nordic horror and Nordic noirOffers fresh investigations of the work of global auteurs such as Carl Th. Dreyer, Ingmar Bergman, Lars von Trier, Aki Kaurismäki, and Roy Andersson.Includes essays on Danish and Swedish television dramas, Finland's eco-documentary film production, the emerging tradition of Icelandic cinema, the changing dynamics of Scandinavian porn, and many more