Preface Abbreviations Introduction Part 1: Historians and the National Discourse 1. The Emergence of the Academic Tradition Egyptian Historiography at the Beginning of the Twentieth Century The Royalist School The Founding Fathers: Rifat, Ghurbal and Sabri A Changing of the Guard Ahmad 'Izzat 'Abd al-Karim: A Home-Grown Historian Muhammad Anis and the Socialist School A More Diverse Academy: Class and Women An Organized Profession 2. History, Institutions and the State Learned Societies The Egyptian University The Revolution and the University The Mithaq and the Mashru' Institutes and Think-Tanks The Higher Institute of Socialist Studies The Centre for Political and Strategic Studies History by Government Committee Acceptable Limits A Dearth of Documents 3. History In The Street: The Non-Academic Historian Beyond the Palace: The Liberal School and the National Movement 'Abd al-Rahman al-Raf'I The Rise of the Materialist School A Window of Opportunity Diversity on the Left Contemporary Islamic History: Religious-Cultural Radicalism Bringing Islam Back The Muslim Brotherhood A Revived Force Female Voices Non-Academic History and the University 4. Egypt for Which Egyptians? The Liberal School: From Palace to People Party and Nation: Sabri, al-Rafi'I and Ramadan The Materialist School: nation, Capital and Class From Revolution to Revolution Vanguard of the Nation The Islamic Current: An 'Authentic' Nation Nasser in Islamic Discourse Women and Nation: Symbolic Supplement or Dissonant Distaff? Part 2: National Dissonance 5. The Copts A Quietest Academy Coptic Institutions Copts in Contemporary Historiography The Liberal School: Under the Protection of the Wafd The Materialist School: Class and Ta'ifiyya The Islamic Current: Ahl al-Dhimma or a Fifth Column? Coptic Responses Coptic Interpretations Society of the Coptic nation (Jama'at al-umma al-qibtiyya) 6. The Mutamassirun The Mutamassirun and the Nation The Liberal School: Foreign Nationals The Materialist School: Non-National Bourgeoisie Islamic Current: 'Domestic Imperialists' Mutamassir Voices Conclusion Notes Bibliography Index