Focusing on the history of the International Union of Pure and Applied Physics following its centenary, this book provides a novel and unique perspective on the interrelation of science and politics in international arenas and describes the attempts of physicists to play a diplomatic role in governing international scientific institutions.

Monica Pepe-Altarelli and Silvina Ponce Dawson: Preface Roberto Lalli and Jaume Navarro: Introduction PART I: IUPAP Between the Two World Wars 1: Danielle Fauque and Robert Fox: IUPAP and the Interwar World of Science 2: Jaume Navarro: The "Happy Thirties"? Millikan's Troubled Presidency of IUPAP PART II: Reshaping IUPAP after World War II 3: Roberto Lalli: From Diplomacy to Physics and Back Again: The Changing Roles of IUPAP in the Second Half of the 20th Century 4: Joseph D. Martin: Drawing the Line between Pure and Applied Physics 5: Danielle Fauque and Brigitte Van Tiggelen: Under the ICSU Umbrella: The Joint Commission on Radioactivity (1947-1955) Between IUPAP and IUPAC 6: Josep Simon: Restoring Physics: IUPAP's Commission on Education, Signature Pedagogies, and the Inter-National Politics of Science in the 1960s 7: Connemara Doran: The Role of IUPAP in Shaping Metrological Practice: International Negotiation and Collaboration 8: Kenji Ito: Repairing a Scientific Network: The International Conference of Theoretical Physics in 1953 and the Rehabilitation of the Japanese Physics Community Part III: Physics, Diplomacy, and the Cold War 9: Climério Paulo da Silva Neto and Alexei Kojevnikov: Socialist Internationalism and Science Diplomacy Across the Iron Curtain: Geneva, Dubna, IUPAP 10: Barbara Hof: Particles, Purity, Politics: Expanding International Exchange in High Energy Physics during the Cold War 11: Danian Hu, Jinyan Liu, and Xiaodong Yin: China's Tortuous Path to IUPAP: An Enlightening Case of Chinese Science Diplomacy during the Cold War 12: Doubravka Ol%sáková: IUPAP, Cooperative Antagonism and the GDR 13: Daniele Cozzoli: Edoardo Amaldi and the Scientific Collaboration with the USSR 14: Luciana Vieira Souza da Silva: National Individuals and International Unions: Gleb Wataghin's Experience with IUPAP (1951-1959) 15: Simone Turchetti: The Only (Tense) Encounter of a Non-existent Relationship? NATO, IUPAP and the 1963 Travel Ban Controversy Appendix: National Membership and Fees, 1919-1947Danielle Fauque and Robert Fox:

Roberto Lalli is an Assistant Professor in the History of Science and Technology at the Polytechnic University of Turin. He specializes in the history of physics from the second half of the nineteenth century to the present. After a MSc degree in physics, he earned a PhD in International History at the University of Milan in 2011. From 2011 to 2013, he was a post-doctoral fellowship at MIT, and from 2013 to 2022, he was a Research Scholar at the Max Planck Institute for the History of Science in Berlin. He has been developing quantitative methodologies for the investigation of historical developments of scientific fields and has published extensively on the interplay between science and diplomacy in the history of international scientific organizations during the Cold War. Jaume Navarro is Ikerbasque Research Professor at the University of the Basque Country. A historian of science, he has previously held research positions at the University of Cambridge, Imperial College, the University of Exeter and the Max Planck Institute for the History of Science. His research interests lie in the history of physics and in the historiography of science and religion. He is the author of, among others, A History of the Electron. J.J. and G.P. Thomson (CUP 2012) and the editor of Ether and Modernity (OUP 2018).

Articulates key historical information regarding an international institution (IUPAP) following its centenary Provides a fresh insight into the role of international scientific societies during the Cold War This is an open access book available under the terms of a CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International licence