Introduction: Deborah Cohen and Maura O'Connor - Comparative History, Cross-National History, Transnational History - Definitions 1. Peter Baldwin - Comparing and Generalizing: Why All History is Comparative, Yet No History is Sociology 2. Heinz-Gerhard Haupt and Jürgen Kocka - Comparative History: Methods, Aims, Problems 3. Nancy L. Green - Forms of Comparison 4. Deborah Cohen - Comparative History: Buyer Beware 5. Susan R. Grayzel - Across Battle Fronts: Gender and the Comparative Cultural History of Modern European War 6. Susan Pedersen - Comparative History and Women's History: Explaining Convergence and Divergence 7. Glenda Sluga - The Nation and the Comparative Imagination 8. Michael Miller - Comparative and Cross-National History: Approaches, Differences, Problems 9. Maura O'Connor - Cross-National Travellers: Rethinking Comparisons and Representations 10. Marta Petrusewicz The Modernization of the European Periphery, Or Ireland, Poland and the Two Sicilies, 1820-1870: Parallel and Connected, Distinct and Comparable 11. David Armitage - Is there a Pre-History of Globalization? Suggestions for further reading Notes on Contributors Index

"Those of us who have gone against the grain of the historical profession and attempted to write comparative or transnational history should feel grateful for this fine collection of essays. Ably edited and introduced by Deborah Cohen and Maura Connor (who have also contributed important essays of their own) it provides eleven leading practitioners of Europe-based historical comparison with a forum in which to ponder the possibilities and pitfalls of this demanding but richly illuminating mode of historical analysis. Disagreements remain about what comparative history is or should be, but the issues are have been clarified more effectively than ever before." -- George M. Fredrickson, Robinson Professor of History Emeritus, Stanford University, and author of TheComparative Imagination"All history is comparative history in one way or another, as this admirable collection of essays abundantly confirms. Whether exploring particular contexts or unpacking the categories and concepts that organize our general historical understanding, the authors probe sensibly into the forms of comparison historians always presume. Given the divisiveness ranging social science historians against 'culturalists' in the past, these wide-ranging and eclectic reflections will be especially welcome." -- Geoff Eley, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor"In Comparison and History some noted practitioners consider the meanings and methods of historical comparison, critically assess their own work, and dissect that of others in wide-ranging, opinionated, and witty essays. Although all take the European nation state as their unit of analysis, there is no quest for consensus. Rather, collectively, these diverse topics and varied approaches exemplify how clear-headed comparison can stimulate fresh historical thinking." -- Raymond Grew, University of Michigan