Abbreviations 1. Introduction: Thomas Hobbes: A Pioneer of Modernity 1.1 Three Challenges of the Epoch 1.2 A Pioneer in Three Senses 1.3 The Continuity of Hobbes’s Development I. Hobbes’s Career and Philosophical Development 2. Beginnings 2.1 Student, Tutor, and Traveling Companion 2.2 Euclid and Galileo 2.3 The English Civil War 2.4 Exile in Paris 3. Leviathan and Behemoth 3.1 A Fractured Relationship to Rhetoric 3.2 The Symbol of Leviathan 3.3 The Return to England Part II. The Encyclopedic Character of Hobbes’s Philosophy 4. Science in the Service of Peace 4.1 The Principal Aim of Hobbes’s Philosophy 4.2 The Complex Method 4.3 The Mathematical Paradigm and Its Limits 4.4 Ethics and Political Authority 4.5 Analysis and Composition 5. Natural Philosophy and the Theory of Knowledge 5.1 Empirical Realism 5.2 Levels of Knowledge 5.3 On Dreams 5.4 Prudence 6. Language, Reason, and Science 6.1 Language 1: The Pre-communicative Dimension 6.2 Language 2: The Political Dimension 6.3 Realism and Nominalism 6.4 The Framework of Language and Reason 6.5 Science 6.6 Hobbes’s Division of the Sciences 7. An Anthropology of the Individual: The Passions 7.1 A Naturalistic Hedonism 7.2 A Topography of the Passions 7.3 Freedom, Self-Preservation, and Determinism 7.4 Power 8. An Anthropology of the Social: The Possibility of Peace in a Condition of War 8.1 The Conditions of Peace 8.2 “Man Is a Wolf to Man” 8.3 A Prevailing Inclination for Peace? 9. Legitimating the State 9.1 The Laws of Nature 9.2 A Moral Philosophy? 9.3 The Original Contract 9.4 Absolute Authority 9.5 A Right to Rebellion? 10. Law 10.1 “Not Truth but Authority” 10.2 The Division of Laws 10.3 A Theory of Commands 10.4 Laws of Nature as a Corrective? 10.5 Authorized Power 11. Religion and Church 11.1 A Twofold Political Question 11.2 The Anthropological Foundations of Religion 11.3 The Kingdom of God 11.4 The Principles of a Christian Politics 11.5 A Materialistic Theology 11.6 Hobbes’s Critique of Other Churches 12. An Excursus: Hobbes’s Critique of Aristotle 12.1 The “Vain Philosophy” of Aristotle 12.2 An Aristotelian in Spite of Himself 12.3 Inevitable Strife or the Social Nature of Man? 13. History 13.1 Translating Thucydides 13.2 The History of the Church and the Kingdom of God 13.3 Behemoth Part III. The Influence of Hobbes 14. From His Age to Our Own 14.1 The Early Reception and Critique of Hobbes’s Work 14.2 A Continuing Debate 14.3 The Modern Discussion Chronology of Hobbes’s Life and Work Bibliography Name Index Subject Index