The highlands of southern Yemen are explored in this final report of survey and excavations by the Roots of Agriculture in Southern Arabia Project. It addresses the development of food production and human landscape documenting some of the earliest water management technologies in Arabia.

CONTENTS List of Figures List of Tables Arabic Foreword Foreword Acknowledgments Editors and Contributors Glossary Conventions Part I Research Objectives, Geological and Environmental Context Introduction to Research Joy McCorriston Geological and Environmental Background Joy McCorriston Paleohydrology, Geomorphology, and Paleoecology Eric A. Oches, Joshua Anderson, Joy McCorriston, Kenneth Cole, and Michael J. Harrower Part II Archaeological Survey: Methods and Site Distributions History of the RASA Survey: Methodologies from Broad Exploration to Intensive Studies Joy McCorriston and Michael J. Harrower Topic-Specific Survey Approaches Joy McCorriston, Michael J. Harrower, and Remy Crassard Survey Results and Landforms: A Statistical Analysis Joy McCorriston Part lll Pleistocene to Early Holocene: Hunter-Foragers and the Introduction of Domesticates Middle Paleolithic Populations of WadI Sana Remy Crassard Manayzah: A Tenninal Pleistocene- Early Holocene Rockshelter Occupation Remy Crassard, Joy McCorriston, Louise Martin, and Thomas S. Dye Early Holocene Forager Encampments: Rockshelters and the Gravel Bar Site Joy McCorriston, Remy Crassard, Dawn Walter, and Louise Martin Part IV Middle Holocene: A Pastoralist Landscape Excavations at the Kheshiya Cattle Skull Ring and Neolithic Monument Joy McCorriston The Kheshiya Cattle Skull Ring: Zooarchaeological Analyses Louise Martin with a contribution by Joe Roe Appendices I to 6 Louise Martin, Lisa Usman, Cecilia Anderung, and Anders Gotherstrom Neolithic Stone Platforms: Survey and Excavations Joy McCorriston Water Management and Irrigation along WadI Sana Michael J Harrower Part V Middle to Late Holocene: The Social Life of Pastoralists Survey and Excavation of Small-Scale Monuments Joy McCorriston, Michael J Harrower, Tara Steimer-Herbet , Kimberly Williams, and Jennifer Everhart Rawk: Statue-Menhirs and Anthropomorphic Statues of Ancient WadI 'Idim Tara Steimer-Herbet Testing at Munayder (WadI '!dim) Joy McCorriston Graffiti and Pictographs Joy McCorriston, 'Abdal' aziz Bin 'Aqil, and Alessia Prioletta Part VI Synthesis and Conclusions A Bayesian Approach to Chronology of the Southern Joi Joy McCorriston and Thomas S. Dye Conclusions: A Landscape History of the Southern Joi Joy McCorriston Gossary Index