This ground-breaking approach involves the key elements of heritage, multiculturalism and citizenship. The framework, easily adapted to individual countries, serves as a basis for organising curriculum and for teaching and learning resources.

PART I. THE SEMINAR 1. Introduction Overview Opening and Closing Sessions Seminar Themes 2. Key Themes Why Citizenship Education? What is Meant by Citizenship Education? How Can Citizenship Education be Achieved? Curriculum as Policy, Structure and Content Challenges Facing Citizenship Education and Curriculum Renewal Appropriate Pedagogy for Citizenship Education Aspects of Collaboration and Networking 3. Recommendations Recommendations for Action Recommendations for a Draft framework PART II. SELECTED PAPERS 4. The Transformation of the Curriculum for Basic Education in Mozambique by Laura Gomes and Narciso Hofisso 5. Education Values in Primary Schools: An Experience of Human Rights and Democracy Education by Laura Gomes and Narciso Hofisso 6. Religious Tolerance and Citizenship in lesotho: Religious Education or Citizenship Education? by Moroa Setloboko-Chokobane and Mankoebe B. Moshoeshoe 7. The School Curriculum as a Means of Providing Universal and Meaningful Reflection on Citizenship in lesotho by Moroa Setloboko-Chokobane and Mankoebe B. Moshoeshoe 8. Achieving Change through Statutory Education: A History of Education for Mutual Understanding in Northern Ireland by Vivian Mciver 9. Education for Human Rights and Democracy in Namibia by David Sampson 10. Citizenship Beyond Borders? National Identity, Xenophobia and Global Citizenship by Nazir Carrim 11. The South African Experience- further Contextual Issues by Haroon Mahomed Appendix A. Seminar Programme Appendix B. Seminar Participants