Political Theory has traditionally been concerned with promoting a better understanding of society through the critical examination of ideas and concepts such as freedom, equality, justice, rights, citizenship and the relationship between them. Since conceptual discourses on the theory of politics have been deeply contested from the Ancient Greek period to contemporary times, this book aims to provide an understanding of the major debates surrounding the core concepts in political theory by subjecting them to critical inquiry and covering both classical and contemporary takes. This book will help readers not only familiarize themselves with the core concepts of political theory but also with important debates of contemporary times. Each concept is related to crucial political issues that need to be analyzed and conceptually understood and this is discussed extensively in the book. The book focuses on critical and reflective analysis and interpretation of social and political practices and discusses competing understandings of concepts such as freedom, equality, justice, rights, democracy, etc.